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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: TPSSh/6-31G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at TPSSh/6-31G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.513578
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.513578
Nuclear repulsion energy239.921675
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at TPSSh/6-31G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3150 3020 12.14      
2 A 3138 3009 32.24      
3 A 3129 3000 16.58      
4 A 3077 2950 23.68      
5 A 3066 2939 7.66      
6 A 3053 2927 46.44      
7 A 1871 1794 355.42      
8 A 1547 1484 0.44      
9 A 1520 1457 3.61      
10 A 1487 1426 6.18      
11 A 1403 1345 19.36      
12 A 1353 1297 2.60      
13 A 1312 1258 7.67      
14 A 1263 1211 7.23      
15 A 1223 1172 11.92      
16 A 1198 1149 3.18      
17 A 1170 1122 206.58      
18 A 1096 1051 8.81      
19 A 1058 1014 65.41      
20 A 1009 967 22.29      
21 A 937 898 4.10      
22 A 894 857 9.60      
23 A 875 839 13.77      
24 A 802 769 3.72      
25 A 672 644 5.06      
26 A 628 602 4.11      
27 A 520 499 2.96      
28 A 479 459 3.27      
29 A 207 199 2.12      
30 A 151 145 0.82      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21643.9 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9587) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20750.0 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at TPSSh/6-31G**
ABC
0.24177 0.11861 0.08479

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at TPSSh/6-31G**

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.888 0.001 0.004
C2 -0.030 1.208 0.177
C3 -1.403 0.668 -0.230
C4 -1.272 -0.819 0.133
O5 0.127 -1.137 -0.045
O6 2.091 -0.028 -0.075
H7 0.334 2.048 -0.415
H8 -0.003 1.503 1.233
H9 -1.550 0.779 -1.309
H10 -2.241 1.148 0.281
H11 -1.844 -1.489 -0.511
H12 -1.539 -1.012 1.178

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52652.39812.31391.37011.20592.16222.13542.87653.34423.15412.8804
C21.52651.53052.37732.36082.46771.09071.09682.16822.21413.32172.8652
C32.39811.53051.53622.37393.56642.22682.19081.09441.09242.21902.1968
C42.31392.37731.53621.44543.46103.33182.86592.17012.19751.09131.0963
O51.37012.36082.37391.44542.25623.21382.93622.84303.30672.05562.0704
O61.20592.46773.56643.46102.25622.74072.90473.92824.50284.22013.9648
H72.16221.09072.22683.33183.21382.74071.76812.44142.81574.15493.9265
H82.13541.09682.19082.86592.93622.90471.76813.06262.45803.92222.9483
H92.87652.16821.09442.17012.84303.92822.44143.06261.77282.42163.0653
H103.34422.21411.09242.19753.30674.50282.81572.45801.77282.78142.4420
H113.15413.32172.21901.09132.05564.22014.15493.92222.42162.78141.7819
H122.88042.86522.19681.09632.07043.96483.92652.94833.06532.44201.7819

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.344 C1 C2 H7 110.299
C1 C2 H8 107.859 C1 O5 C4 110.506
C2 C1 O5 109.062 C2 C1 O6 128.771
C2 C3 C4 101.640 C2 C3 H9 110.274
C2 C3 H10 114.112 C3 C2 H7 115.294
C3 C2 H8 111.935 C3 C4 O5 105.489
C3 C4 H11 114.175 C3 C4 H12 112.041
C4 C3 H9 110.030 C4 C3 H10 112.335
O5 C1 O6 122.165 O5 C4 H11 107.438
O5 C4 H12 108.307 H7 C2 H8 107.852
H9 C3 H10 108.324 H11 C4 H12 109.084
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at TPSSh/6-31G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.620      
2 C -0.336      
3 C -0.281      
4 C 0.014      
5 O -0.458      
6 O -0.461      
7 H 0.167      
8 H 0.165      
9 H 0.150      
10 H 0.138      
11 H 0.145      
12 H 0.138      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.222 1.476 0.401 4.490
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.087 0.469 -0.115
y 0.469 6.438 0.030
z -0.115 0.030 5.376


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 140.290
(<r2>)1/2 11.844