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All results from a given calculation for CH3CHCH2CH3 (2-Butyl radical)

using model chemistry: wB97X-D/TZVP

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at wB97X-D/TZVP
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.792643
Energy at 298.15K-157.801186
HF Energy-157.792643
Nuclear repulsion energy122.390416
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at wB97X-D/TZVP
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3189 3046 23.40      
2 A 3136 2995 30.65      
3 A 3130 2989 20.96      
4 A 3128 2987 36.19      
5 A 3056 2918 28.21      
6 A 3050 2913 31.37      
7 A 3021 2885 28.10      
8 A 2985 2851 41.90      
9 A 2965 2832 35.84      
10 A 1518 1449 4.81      
11 A 1507 1439 8.74      
12 A 1498 1430 7.50      
13 A 1483 1416 1.31      
14 A 1480 1413 9.32      
15 A 1437 1373 2.06      
16 A 1427 1363 5.97      
17 A 1412 1348 1.99      
18 A 1326 1266 4.12      
19 A 1282 1224 0.15      
20 A 1194 1140 0.22      
21 A 1143 1091 0.44      
22 A 1078 1030 1.29      
23 A 1046 999 0.23      
24 A 1003 958 3.72      
25 A 981 937 0.67      
26 A 863 824 0.29      
27 A 784 749 0.89      
28 A 439 420 0.18      
29 A 369 352 28.07      
30 A 266 254 1.52      
31 A 247 236 0.62      
32 A 106 101 0.50      
33 A 81 77 0.05      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 25814.1 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.955) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24652.5 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at wB97X-D/TZVP
ABC
0.89479 0.12223 0.11473

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at wB97X-D/TZVP

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 1.975 -0.045 -0.075
H2 2.051 -0.833 -0.832
H3 2.664 0.756 -0.347
H4 2.342 -0.481 0.866
C5 0.578 0.446 0.053
H6 0.411 1.468 0.380
C7 -0.568 -0.503 0.104
H8 -0.567 -1.033 1.070
H9 -0.426 -1.286 -0.650
C10 -1.927 0.167 -0.092
H11 -2.099 0.928 0.673
H12 -1.983 0.654 -1.067
H13 -2.739 -0.560 -0.029

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 H2 H3 H4 C5 H6 C7 H8 H9 C10 H11 H12 H13
C11.09461.09131.10041.48642.22292.59002.95812.76313.90764.25474.13964.7420
H21.09461.77041.75802.14213.07422.80143.24292.52534.16834.75294.30614.8650
H31.09131.77041.76232.14702.47223.49813.95623.71654.63604.87424.70385.5703
H41.10041.75801.76232.15242.78603.00822.96803.25714.42274.66314.87125.1597
C51.48642.14212.14702.15241.08581.48842.12912.12162.52432.78962.80243.4668
H62.22293.07422.47222.78601.08582.21742.77233.05702.71692.58412.91313.7684
C72.59002.80143.49813.00821.48842.21741.10211.09691.52732.17112.17052.1757
H82.95813.24293.95622.96802.12912.77231.10211.74492.15362.51983.06882.4797
H92.76312.52533.71653.25712.12163.05701.09691.74492.16223.07432.52242.5026
C103.90764.16834.63604.42272.52432.71691.52732.15362.16221.09251.09151.0914
H114.25474.75294.87424.66312.78962.58412.17112.51983.07431.09251.76461.7651
H124.13964.30614.70384.87122.80242.91312.17053.06882.52241.09151.76461.7670
H134.74204.86505.57035.15973.46683.76842.17572.47972.50261.09141.76511.7670

picture of 2-Butyl radical state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C5 H6 118.757 C1 C5 C7 121.070
H2 C1 H3 108.171 H2 C1 H4 106.436
H2 C1 C5 111.285 H3 C1 H4 107.034
H3 C1 C5 111.883 H4 C1 C5 111.759
C5 C7 H8 109.649 C5 C7 H9 109.368
C5 C7 C10 113.655 H6 C5 C7 118.104
C7 C10 H11 110.842 C7 C10 H12 110.852
C7 C10 H13 111.275 H8 C7 H9 105.026
H8 C7 C10 108.906 H9 C7 C10 109.880
H11 C10 H12 107.792 H11 C10 H13 107.847
H12 C10 H13 108.091
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at wB97X-D/TZVP Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.358      
2 H 0.121      
3 H 0.128      
4 H 0.121      
5 C -0.197      
6 H 0.145      
7 C -0.172      
8 H 0.115      
9 H 0.113      
10 C -0.374      
11 H 0.115      
12 H 0.121      
13 H 0.123      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.058 -0.180 0.146 0.239
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.500 0.226 -0.023
y 0.226 -27.298 0.332
z -0.023 0.332 -28.086
Traceless
 xyz
x 0.192 0.226 -0.023
y 0.226 0.495 0.332
z -0.023 0.332 -0.687
Polar
3z2-r2-1.374
x2-y2-0.202
xy0.226
xz-0.023
yz0.332


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.311 -0.035 -0.001
y -0.035 7.053 -0.015
z -0.001 -0.015 6.347


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 116.071
(<r2>)1/2 10.774