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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: mPW1PW91/TZVP

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at mPW1PW91/TZVP
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.526695
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.526695
Nuclear repulsion energy241.775313
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at mPW1PW91/TZVP
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3165 3019 6.38      
2 A 3153 3008 21.50      
3 A 3144 2999 13.82      
4 A 3091 2949 19.63      
5 A 3081 2939 4.12      
6 A 3067 2926 38.07      
7 A 1893 1806 439.85      
8 A 1533 1463 1.34      
9 A 1505 1436 9.35      
10 A 1468 1401 9.94      
11 A 1409 1345 18.67      
12 A 1354 1292 0.97      
13 A 1316 1255 12.14      
14 A 1273 1214 11.40      
15 A 1231 1174 16.44      
16 A 1208 1153 1.87      
17 A 1190 1135 222.47      
18 A 1105 1054 15.99      
19 A 1087 1037 72.89      
20 A 1025 978 17.35      
21 A 953 909 3.78      
22 A 906 864 10.42      
23 A 888 848 15.87      
24 A 817 780 4.47      
25 A 693 661 4.83      
26 A 645 615 5.12      
27 A 535 510 3.16      
28 A 498 476 3.28      
29 A 209 200 2.38      
30 A 151 144 0.96      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21796.0 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.954) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20793.4 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at mPW1PW91/TZVP
ABC
0.24548 0.12055 0.08609

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at mPW1PW91/TZVP

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.882 -0.002 0.003
C2 -0.027 1.200 0.168
C3 -1.396 0.663 -0.220
C4 -1.259 -0.815 0.131
O5 0.127 -1.126 -0.048
O6 2.072 -0.028 -0.070
H7 0.336 2.031 -0.432
H8 0.016 1.504 1.217
H9 -1.560 0.781 -1.293
H10 -2.224 1.138 0.304
H11 -1.834 -1.479 -0.511
H12 -1.526 -1.013 1.172

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.51662.38412.29401.35511.19262.14942.12022.87283.32263.13412.8619
C21.51661.52072.36232.34162.44391.08731.09332.15782.20183.30202.8554
C32.38411.52071.52602.35673.54002.21702.18331.09101.08872.20612.1832
C42.29402.36231.52601.43213.42913.31072.86102.15972.18551.08791.0932
O51.35512.34162.35671.43212.23403.18722.92122.83393.28332.04582.0584
O61.19262.44393.54003.42912.23402.71732.86943.91664.46744.19053.9324
H72.14941.08732.21703.31073.18722.71731.76092.42802.80944.12723.9124
H82.12021.09332.18332.86102.92122.86941.76093.05012.44643.91272.9523
H92.87282.15781.09102.15972.83393.91662.42803.05011.76572.40693.0486
H103.32262.20181.08872.18553.28334.46742.80942.44641.76572.76882.4223
H113.13413.30202.20611.08792.04584.19054.12723.91272.40692.76881.7739
H122.86192.85542.18321.09322.05843.93243.91242.95233.04862.42231.7739

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.431 C1 C2 H7 110.185
C1 C2 H8 107.545 C1 O5 C4 110.759
C2 C1 O5 109.126 C2 C1 O6 128.471
C2 C3 C4 101.675 C2 C3 H9 110.339
C2 C3 H10 114.065 C3 C2 H7 115.438
C3 C2 H8 112.244 C3 C4 O5 105.588
C3 C4 H11 114.075 C3 C4 H12 111.866
C4 C3 H9 110.118 C4 C3 H10 112.332
O5 C1 O6 122.401 O5 C4 H11 107.766
O5 C4 H12 108.454 H7 C2 H8 107.707
H9 C3 H10 108.205 H11 C4 H12 108.838
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at mPW1PW91/TZVP Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.183      
2 C -0.234      
3 C -0.290      
4 C -0.111      
5 O -0.154      
6 O -0.285      
7 H 0.166      
8 H 0.158      
9 H 0.150      
10 H 0.146      
11 H 0.141      
12 H 0.129      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.509 1.621 0.425 4.810
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -40.706 1.839 0.280
y 1.839 -35.265 -0.117
z 0.280 -0.117 -33.410
Traceless
 xyz
x -6.369 1.839 0.280
y 1.839 1.793 -0.117
z 0.280 -0.117 4.576
Polar
3z2-r29.151
x2-y2-5.441
xy1.839
xz0.280
yz-0.117


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.629 0.411 -0.092
y 0.411 7.031 0.023
z -0.092 0.023 5.841


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 138.944
(<r2>)1/2 11.787