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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: M06-2X/TZVP

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at M06-2X/TZVP
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.472203
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.472203
Nuclear repulsion energy241.726112
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at M06-2X/TZVP
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3170 3000 14.69      
2 A 3163 2992 9.70      
3 A 3158 2989 3.87      
4 A 3097 2930 16.26      
5 A 3091 2924 3.92      
6 A 3083 2917 27.39      
7 A 1919 1816 469.15      
8 A 1541 1458 1.49      
9 A 1509 1428 8.94      
10 A 1471 1392 9.99      
11 A 1415 1339 22.59      
12 A 1354 1282 1.43      
13 A 1318 1247 14.39      
14 A 1278 1209 18.68      
15 A 1231 1165 25.71      
16 A 1210 1145 2.54      
17 A 1202 1137 222.56      
18 A 1112 1053 55.56      
19 A 1101 1042 36.87      
20 A 1025 970 11.83      
21 A 953 902 3.60      
22 A 910 861 12.97      
23 A 891 843 13.08      
24 A 821 777 5.10      
25 A 695 658 5.98      
26 A 643 609 5.08      
27 A 531 502 3.83      
28 A 501 474 4.03      
29 A 215 204 2.73      
30 A 148 140 0.71      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21878.1 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9462) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20701.1 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at M06-2X/TZVP
ABC
0.24484 0.12060 0.08619

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at M06-2X/TZVP

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.882 -0.004 0.004
C2 -0.028 1.202 0.175
C3 -1.394 0.663 -0.232
C4 -1.259 -0.815 0.139
O5 0.126 -1.127 -0.052
O6 2.071 -0.028 -0.072
H7 0.343 2.037 -0.414
H8 0.002 1.488 1.230
H9 -1.535 0.766 -1.308
H10 -2.228 1.143 0.276
H11 -1.841 -1.484 -0.490
H12 -1.514 -0.993 1.186

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52032.38392.29421.35531.19102.15132.12252.85633.32653.13912.8493
C21.52031.52442.36352.34492.44491.08671.09292.15992.20383.30902.8370
C32.38391.52441.52982.35513.53692.22172.18301.09061.08792.20902.1836
C42.29422.36351.52981.43253.42813.31702.84352.16062.18891.08721.0927
O51.35532.34492.35511.43252.23383.19132.91502.81403.28652.04642.0589
O61.19102.44493.53693.42812.23382.71412.87653.89404.46934.19493.9193
H72.15131.08672.22173.31703.19132.71411.76592.43762.80794.14403.8968
H82.12251.09292.18302.84352.91502.87651.76593.05402.45013.89772.9079
H92.85632.15991.09062.16062.81403.89402.43763.05401.76962.41403.0523
H103.32652.20381.08792.18893.28654.46932.80792.45011.76962.76422.4295
H113.13913.30902.20901.08722.04644.19494.14403.89772.41402.76421.7772
H122.84932.83702.18361.09272.05893.91933.89682.90793.05232.42951.7772

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.070 C1 C2 H7 110.106
C1 C2 H8 107.495 C1 O5 C4 110.725
C2 C1 O5 109.126 C2 C1 O6 128.373
C2 C3 C4 101.407 C2 C3 H9 110.271
C2 C3 H10 114.011 C3 C2 H7 115.599
C3 C2 H8 111.987 C3 C4 O5 105.272
C3 C4 H11 114.086 C3 C4 H12 111.665
C4 C3 H9 109.951 C4 C3 H10 112.384
O5 C1 O6 122.500 O5 C4 H11 107.830
O5 C4 H12 108.495 H7 C2 H8 108.233
H9 C3 H10 108.651 H11 C4 H12 109.225
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at M06-2X/TZVP Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.317      
2 C -0.349      
3 C -0.365      
4 C -0.126      
5 O -0.209      
6 O -0.329      
7 H 0.194      
8 H 0.195      
9 H 0.183      
10 H 0.174      
11 H 0.158      
12 H 0.157      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.577 1.698 0.456 4.903
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -40.959 1.883 0.287
y 1.883 -35.610 -0.148
z 0.287 -0.148 -33.731
Traceless
 xyz
x -6.289 1.883 0.287
y 1.883 1.735 -0.148
z 0.287 -0.148 4.553
Polar
3z2-r29.107
x2-y2-5.349
xy1.883
xz0.287
yz-0.148


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.557 0.399 -0.083
y 0.399 6.937 0.026
z -0.083 0.026 5.812


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 139.073
(<r2>)1/2 11.793