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All results from a given calculation for C6H5CH3 (toluene)

using model chemistry: B3PW91/6-31+G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes CS 1A'
Energy calculated at B3PW91/6-31+G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-271.482511
Energy at 298.15K-271.490475
Nuclear repulsion energy268.866210
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3PW91/6-31+G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A' 3217 3088 14.71      
2 A' 3196 3068 6.40      
3 A' 3181 3054 9.45      
4 A' 3113 2989 16.13      
5 A' 3045 2923 30.30      
6 A' 1667 1601 9.14      
7 A' 1535 1474 13.86      
8 A' 1489 1429 8.04      
9 A' 1413 1356 1.55      
10 A' 1238 1189 0.76      
11 A' 1205 1157 0.42      
12 A' 1057 1015 4.13      
13 A' 1057 1015 8.98      
14 A' 1014 973 0.08      
15 A' 999 959 0.03      
16 A' 910 874 0.55      
17 A' 802 770 0.82      
18 A' 740 711 63.53      
19 A' 707 678 22.04      
20 A' 526 505 0.61      
21 A' 472 453 9.80      
22 A' 209 200 2.56      
23 A" 3204 3076 36.42      
24 A" 3183 3056 6.50      
25 A" 3139 3014 14.93      
26 A" 1645 1579 0.23      
27 A" 1503 1443 13.39      
28 A" 1470 1412 0.46      
29 A" 1373 1318 0.01      
30 A" 1345 1291 0.01      
31 A" 1182 1135 0.03      
32 A" 1114 1070 7.04      
33 A" 1000 960 0.06      
34 A" 979 940 0.00      
35 A" 855 821 0.02      
36 A" 631 606 0.10      
37 A" 412 396 0.01      
38 A" 341 328 0.36      
39 A" 22 21 0.35      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 28092.9 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9601) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 26972.0 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3PW91/6-31+G**
ABC
0.18482 0.08386 0.05831

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3PW91/6-31+G**

Point Group is Cs

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.005 0.915 0.000
C2 0.008 0.195 1.201
C3 0.008 -1.200 1.204
C4 0.007 -1.904 0.000
C5 0.008 -1.200 -1.204
C6 0.008 0.195 -1.201
C7 -0.030 2.421 0.000
H8 0.012 0.734 2.146
H9 0.012 -1.737 2.149
H10 0.010 -2.990 0.000
H11 0.012 -1.737 -2.149
H12 0.012 0.734 -2.146
H13 -1.064 2.790 0.000
H14 0.463 2.834 0.885
H15 0.463 2.834 -0.885

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13 H14 H15
C11.40052.43362.81862.43361.40051.50702.15393.41353.90513.41352.15392.15822.16232.1623
C21.40051.39492.41832.78102.40292.53011.08802.15213.40433.86793.39093.05382.69603.3947
C32.43361.39491.39502.40892.78103.81652.15131.08692.15783.39653.86904.30334.07154.5654
C42.81862.41831.39501.39502.41834.32533.40092.15581.08652.15583.40094.81434.84084.8408
C52.43362.78102.40891.39501.39493.81653.86903.39652.15781.08692.15134.30334.56544.0715
C61.40052.40292.78102.41831.39492.53013.39093.86793.40432.15211.08803.05383.39472.6960
C71.50702.53013.81654.32533.81652.53012.73044.68125.41184.68122.73041.09711.09431.0943
H82.15391.08802.15133.40093.86903.39092.73042.47144.29874.95584.29273.16072.48993.7151
H93.41352.15211.08692.15583.39653.86794.68122.47142.48804.29864.95585.12564.76345.5048
H103.90513.40432.15781.08652.15783.40435.41184.29872.48802.48804.29875.87915.90815.9081
H113.41353.86793.39652.15581.08692.15214.68124.95584.29862.48802.47145.12565.50484.7634
H122.15393.39093.86903.40092.15131.08802.73044.29274.95584.29872.47143.16073.71512.4899
H132.15823.05384.30334.81434.30333.05381.09713.16075.12565.87915.12563.16071.76551.7655
H142.16232.69604.07154.84084.56543.39471.09432.48994.76345.90815.50483.71511.76551.7709
H152.16233.39474.56544.84084.07152.69601.09433.71515.50485.90814.76342.48991.76551.7709

picture of toluene state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 121.049 C1 C2 H8 119.361
C1 C6 C5 121.049 C1 C6 H12 119.361
C1 C7 H13 110.968 C1 C7 H14 111.470
C1 C7 H15 111.470 C2 C1 C6 118.149
C2 C1 C7 120.920 C2 C3 C4 120.179
C2 C3 H9 119.743 C3 C2 H8 119.590
C3 C4 C5 119.395 C3 C4 H10 120.302
C4 C3 H9 120.078 C4 C5 C6 120.179
C4 C5 H11 120.078 C5 C4 H10 120.302
C5 C6 H12 119.590 C6 C1 C7 120.920
C6 C5 H11 119.743 H13 C7 H14 107.349
H13 C7 H15 107.349 H14 C7 H15 108.036
Electronic energy levels

Electronic state

Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3PW91/6-31+G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.434      
2 C -0.291      
3 C -0.107      
4 C -0.144      
5 C -0.107      
6 C -0.291      
7 C -0.744      
8 H 0.143      
9 H 0.149      
10 H 0.148      
11 H 0.149      
12 H 0.143      
13 H 0.182      
14 H 0.168      
15 H 0.168      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -0.048 0.420 0.000 0.423
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -46.220 -0.124 0.000
y -0.124 -37.975 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -38.466
Traceless
 xyz
x -7.999 -0.124 0.000
y -0.124 4.368 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 3.631
Polar
3z2-r27.263
x2-y2-8.245
xy-0.124
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 7.273 -0.105 0.000
y -0.105 14.655 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 12.836


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 0.000
(<r2>)1/2 0.000