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All results from a given calculation for KCN (Potassium cyanide)

using model chemistry: M06-2X/6-31+G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 no C*V 1Σ
1 2 no C*V 1Σ
1 3 yes CS 1A'

Conformer 1 (C*V)

Jump to S1C2 S1C3
Energy calculated at M06-2X/6-31+G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-692.702586
Energy at 298.15K-692.702046
HF Energy-692.702586
Nuclear repulsion energy60.536665
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at M06-2X/6-31+G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 Σ 2250 2142 0.38      
2 Σ 300 285 61.69      
3 Π 94 90 11.70      
3 Π 94 90 11.70      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1369.0 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9522) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1303.5 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at M06-2X/6-31+G**
B
0.09689

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at M06-2X/6-31+G**

Point Group is C∞v

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
K1 0.000 0.000 1.322
C2 0.000 0.000 -1.302
N3 0.000 0.000 -2.472

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  K1 C2 N3
K12.62403.7940
C22.62401.1700
N33.79401.1700

picture of Potassium cyanide state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
K1 C2 N3 180.000 K1 N3 C2 0.000
C2 K1 N3 0.000
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at M06-2X/6-31+G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 K 1.003      
2 C -0.600      
3 N -0.403      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 12.847 12.847
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -23.327 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -23.327 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -31.741
Traceless
 xyz
x 4.207 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 4.207 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -8.414
Polar
3z2-r2-16.828
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 3.221 0.000 -0.000
y 0.000 3.221 0.000
z -0.000 0.000 6.450


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 102.473
(<r2>)1/2 10.123

Conformer 2 (C*V)

Jump to S1C1 S1C3
Energy calculated at M06-2X/6-31+G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-692.706468
Energy at 298.15K-692.705898
HF Energy-692.706468
Nuclear repulsion energy63.872912
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at M06-2X/6-31+G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 Σ 2187 2083 120.87      
2 Σ 323 307 75.20      
3 Π 79 75 4.31      
3 Π 79 75 4.31      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1333.7 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9522) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1270.0 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at M06-2X/6-31+G**
B
0.11187

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at M06-2X/6-31+G**

Point Group is C∞v

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
K1 0.000 0.000 1.225
C2 0.000 0.000 -2.425
N3 0.000 0.000 -1.246

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  K1 C2 N3
K13.64932.4703
C23.64931.1790
N32.47031.1790

picture of Potassium cyanide state 1 conformation 2
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
K1 C2 N3 0.000 K1 N3 C2 180.000
C2 K1 N3 0.000
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at M06-2X/6-31+G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 K 0.928      
2 C -0.259      
3 N -0.669      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 12.596 12.596
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -23.266 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -23.266 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -33.390
Traceless
 xyz
x 5.062 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 5.062 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -10.124
Polar
3z2-r2-20.247
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 3.237 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 3.236 -0.000
z 0.000 -0.000 6.231


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 91.269
(<r2>)1/2 9.553

Conformer 3 (CS)

Jump to S1C1 S1C2
Energy calculated at M06-2X/6-31+G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-692.708946
Energy at 298.15K-692.708846
HF Energy-692.708946
Nuclear repulsion energy68.302642
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at M06-2X/6-31+G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A' 2181 2077 32.67      
2 A' 315 299 66.41      
3 A' 174 166 7.53      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1334.5 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9522) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1270.8 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at M06-2X/6-31+G**
ABC
1.92190 0.16172 0.14917

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at M06-2X/6-31+G**

Point Group is Cs

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
K1 0.000 1.049 0.000
C2 0.628 -1.622 0.000
N3 -0.538 -1.458 0.000

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  K1 C2 N3
K12.74402.5645
C22.74401.1775
N32.56451.1775

picture of Potassium cyanide state 1 conformation 3
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
K1 C2 N3 68.776 K1 N3 C2 85.881
C2 K1 N3 25.342
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at M06-2X/6-31+G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 K 0.914      
2 C -0.427      
3 N -0.487      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -0.339 10.635 0.000 10.641
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.576 0.831 0.000
y 0.831 -27.029 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -23.320
Traceless
 xyz
x -2.401 0.831 0.000
y 0.831 -1.581 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 3.983
Polar
3z2-r27.965
x2-y2-0.547
xy0.831
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 4.942 -0.245 0.000
y -0.245 4.436 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 3.485


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 72.203
(<r2>)1/2 8.497