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All results from a given calculation for CH2CH(CH3)2 (Isobutyl radical)

using model chemistry: mPW1PW91/6-31+G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 2A'
Energy calculated at mPW1PW91/6-31+G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.762916
Energy at 298.15K-157.771631
Nuclear repulsion energy126.525017
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at mPW1PW91/6-31+G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3176 3023 18.79      
2 A 3144 2993 49.42      
3 A 3142 2990 48.17      
4 A 3061 2913 20.55      
5 A 2954 2812 29.82      
6 A 1520 1446 11.07      
7 A 1510 1437 8.47      
8 A 1476 1405 3.73      
9 A 1419 1351 6.25      
10 A 1328 1264 3.94      
11 A 1213 1155 0.86      
12 A 1093 1041 1.07      
13 A 998 950 1.29      
14 A 830 790 0.06      
15 A 538 512 39.23      
16 A 410 390 17.43      
17 A 359 342 0.69      
18 A 264 251 0.20      
19 A 3282 3124 15.04      
20 A 3142 2991 17.52      
21 A 3139 2987 4.06      
22 A 3057 2910 42.03      
23 A 1498 1426 4.08      
24 A 1495 1423 0.20      
25 A 1404 1337 8.01      
26 A 1334 1270 0.60      
27 A 1194 1136 0.51      
28 A 979 932 0.00      
29 A 947 902 0.86      
30 A 913 869 0.70      
31 A 374 356 0.22      
32 A 237 225 0.01      
33 A 125 119 0.14      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 25777.3 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9518) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24534.8 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at mPW1PW91/6-31+G**
ABC
0.28215 0.26497 0.15477

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at mPW1PW91/6-31+G**

Point Group is Cs

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 0.355 0.000
C2 1.475 0.139 0.000
H3 -0.185 1.445 0.000
H4 2.036 0.131 0.929
H5 2.036 0.131 -0.929
C6 -0.652 -0.210 -1.265
C7 -0.652 -0.210 1.265
H8 -0.526 -1.297 -1.311
H9 -1.724 0.007 -1.285
H10 -0.205 0.218 -2.167
H11 -0.526 -1.297 1.311
H12 -1.724 0.007 1.285
H13 -0.205 0.218 2.167

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 H3 H4 H5 C6 C7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13
C11.49071.10562.24902.24901.53121.53122.17352.17832.18072.17352.17832.1807
C21.49072.11211.08501.08502.49942.49942.79043.45012.74282.79043.45012.7428
H31.10562.11212.74232.74232.13492.13493.05812.46712.49013.05812.46712.4901
H42.24901.08502.74231.85733.48652.73073.69114.36533.82242.95863.77912.5617
H52.24901.08502.74231.85732.73073.48652.95863.77912.56173.69114.36533.8224
C61.53122.49942.13493.48652.73072.52981.09461.09391.09392.79882.77493.4871
C71.53122.49942.13492.73073.48652.52982.79882.77493.48711.09461.09391.0939
H82.17352.79043.05813.69112.95861.09462.79881.77081.76892.62263.14293.8071
H92.17833.45012.46714.36533.77911.09392.77491.77081.76893.14292.57063.7774
H102.18072.74282.49013.82242.56171.09393.48711.76891.76893.80713.77744.3334
H112.17352.79043.05812.95863.69112.79881.09462.62263.14293.80711.77081.7689
H122.17833.45012.46713.77914.36532.77491.09393.14292.57063.77741.77081.7689
H132.18072.74282.49012.56173.82243.48711.09393.80713.77744.33341.76891.7689

picture of Isobutyl radical state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 H4 120.842 C1 C2 H5 120.842
C1 C6 H8 110.630 C1 C6 H9 111.054
C1 C6 H10 111.247 C1 C7 H11 110.630
C1 C7 H12 111.054 C1 C7 H13 111.247
C2 C1 H3 107.959 C2 C1 C6 111.592
C2 C1 C7 111.592 H3 C1 C6 107.011
H3 C1 C7 107.011 H4 C2 H5 117.713
C6 C1 C7 111.396 H8 C6 H9 108.021
H8 C6 H10 107.850 H9 C6 H10 107.902
H11 C7 H12 108.021 H11 C7 H13 107.850
H12 C7 H13 107.902
Electronic energy levels

Electronic state

Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at mPW1PW91/6-31+G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.222      
2 C -0.444      
3 H 0.173      
4 H 0.153      
5 H 0.153      
6 C -0.625      
7 C -0.625      
8 H 0.170      
9 H 0.162      
10 H 0.163      
11 H 0.170      
12 H 0.162      
13 H 0.163      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -0.235 0.242 0.000 0.337
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -28.000 -0.025 0.000
y -0.025 -28.621 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -27.471
Traceless
 xyz
x 0.046 -0.025 0.000
y -0.025 -0.885 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 0.839
Polar
3z2-r21.678
x2-y20.621
xy-0.025
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 0.000 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 0.000 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 0.000


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 94.613
(<r2>)1/2 9.727