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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: HF/6-31+G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at HF/6-31+G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-304.721695
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-304.721695
Nuclear repulsion energy242.931641
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at HF/6-31+G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3301 2984 32.36 90.87 0.40 0.57
2 A 3295 2979 12.82 70.40 0.67 0.80
3 A 3270 2957 27.52 98.06 0.25 0.41
4 A 3220 2911 45.61 105.77 0.19 0.32
5 A 3216 2908 28.02 75.05 0.21 0.34
6 A 3213 2905 7.21 112.34 0.15 0.25
7 A 2039 1844 592.78 14.38 0.41 0.58
8 A 1665 1505 0.87 6.00 0.71 0.83
9 A 1629 1473 7.34 6.72 0.75 0.86
10 A 1592 1440 9.52 7.78 0.75 0.86
11 A 1542 1394 39.85 1.45 0.59 0.74
12 A 1475 1334 6.67 0.16 0.64 0.78
13 A 1442 1304 23.53 1.05 0.73 0.85
14 A 1374 1242 33.68 8.19 0.74 0.85
15 A 1335 1207 58.86 6.03 0.74 0.85
16 A 1319 1192 204.19 1.76 0.69 0.82
17 A 1309 1184 4.83 0.53 0.62 0.77
18 A 1205 1090 17.03 1.38 0.64 0.78
19 A 1189 1075 97.57 2.59 0.75 0.86
20 A 1084 980 8.79 5.97 0.73 0.84
21 A 1001 905 7.86 9.47 0.11 0.20
22 A 973 880 9.49 1.50 0.37 0.54
23 A 955 863 9.64 9.00 0.09 0.16
24 A 877 793 6.81 5.87 0.14 0.25
25 A 738 667 10.42 3.31 0.33 0.50
26 A 697 631 6.68 1.86 0.60 0.75
27 A 583 527 8.11 1.35 0.72 0.83
28 A 530 479 6.65 1.53 0.50 0.66
29 A 217 196 3.15 0.14 0.64 0.78
30 A 154 139 1.16 0.48 0.74 0.85

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23218.1 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9042) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20993.8 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at HF/6-31+G**
ABC
0.24736 0.12168 0.08677

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at HF/6-31+G**

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.879 -0.010 0.002
C2 -0.018 1.201 0.165
C3 -1.397 0.664 -0.213
C4 -1.254 -0.821 0.126
O5 0.127 -1.111 -0.045
O6 2.059 -0.032 -0.070
H7 0.341 2.020 -0.443
H8 0.030 1.509 1.206
H9 -1.575 0.790 -1.276
H10 -2.212 1.133 0.323
H11 -1.811 -1.478 -0.525
H12 -1.523 -1.033 1.156

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.51602.38342.28551.33401.18262.14642.11582.88003.31133.11002.8542
C21.51601.52712.37042.32602.42751.08091.08662.16052.20063.29682.8699
C32.38341.52711.53042.34553.52842.21612.18241.08501.08282.20402.1837
C42.28552.37041.53041.42163.41143.30752.87112.16002.18551.07991.0846
O51.33402.32602.34551.42162.21273.16292.90482.83263.26242.03062.0424
O61.18262.42753.52843.41142.21272.70232.85023.91594.44494.15673.9161
H72.14641.08092.21613.30753.16292.70231.75352.42432.80914.10793.9175
H82.11581.08662.18242.87112.90482.85021.75353.04152.43843.91252.9790
H92.88002.16051.08502.16002.83263.91592.42433.04151.75572.40083.0394
H103.31132.20061.08282.18553.26244.44492.80912.43841.75572.77452.4204
H113.11003.29682.20401.07992.03064.15674.10793.91252.40082.77451.7623
H122.85422.86992.18371.08462.04243.91613.91752.97903.03942.42041.7623

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.114 C1 C2 H7 110.369
C1 C2 H8 107.634 C1 O5 C4 112.038
C2 C1 O5 109.236 C2 C1 O6 127.774
C2 C3 C4 101.660 C2 C3 H9 110.464
C2 C3 H10 113.870 C3 C2 H7 115.300
C3 C2 H8 112.131 C3 C4 O5 105.164
C3 C4 H11 114.092 C3 C4 H12 112.125
C4 C3 H9 110.194 C4 C3 H10 112.383
O5 C1 O6 122.988 O5 C4 H11 107.750
O5 C4 H12 108.417 H7 C2 H8 107.998
H9 C3 H10 108.175 H11 C4 H12 109.005
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at HF/6-31+G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.501      
2 C -0.164      
3 C -0.297      
4 C 0.037      
5 O -0.460      
6 O -0.559      
7 H 0.180      
8 H 0.178      
9 H 0.156      
10 H 0.152      
11 H 0.143      
12 H 0.132      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -5.008 1.776 0.466 5.334
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -41.940 2.031 0.310
y 2.031 -35.745 -0.156
z 0.310 -0.156 -33.706
Traceless
 xyz
x -7.214 2.031 0.310
y 2.031 2.078 -0.156
z 0.310 -0.156 5.136
Polar
3z2-r210.273
x2-y2-6.194
xy2.031
xz0.310
yz-0.156


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.001 0.310 -0.082
y 0.310 6.476 0.019
z -0.082 0.019 5.564


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 138.440
(<r2>)1/2 11.766