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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: PBEPBE/6-31+G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at PBEPBE/6-31+G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.155483
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.155483
Nuclear repulsion energy238.752544
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at PBEPBE/6-31+G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3083 3047 5.85      
2 A 3070 3035 21.70      
3 A 3061 3026 14.67      
4 A 3008 2974 22.14      
5 A 2997 2963 5.79      
6 A 2982 2948 41.22      
7 A 1802 1782 399.01      
8 A 1475 1459 0.60      
9 A 1452 1435 7.55      
10 A 1417 1401 9.42      
11 A 1344 1329 15.39      
12 A 1298 1284 1.20      
13 A 1258 1244 8.29      
14 A 1216 1202 6.42      
15 A 1178 1165 11.61      
16 A 1155 1141 3.04      
17 A 1125 1112 195.21      
18 A 1058 1045 10.37      
19 A 1026 1014 56.57      
20 A 981 970 35.82      
21 A 918 908 4.20      
22 A 869 859 7.98      
23 A 849 840 21.03      
24 A 784 775 4.13      
25 A 658 651 2.97      
26 A 617 610 4.44      
27 A 512 506 2.51      
28 A 469 464 2.30      
29 A 205 202 2.08      
30 A 148 146 1.01      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21007.4 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9886) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20767.9 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at PBEPBE/6-31+G**
ABC
0.24000 0.11743 0.08394

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at PBEPBE/6-31+G**

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.891 0.002 0.003
C2 -0.029 1.211 0.169
C3 -1.410 0.671 -0.223
C4 -1.279 -0.820 0.132
O5 0.127 -1.144 -0.049
O6 2.103 -0.028 -0.070
H7 0.337 2.051 -0.437
H8 0.013 1.522 1.229
H9 -1.575 0.791 -1.307
H10 -2.247 1.153 0.306
H11 -1.856 -1.493 -0.519
H12 -1.544 -1.024 1.186

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52862.40742.32371.37831.21472.16852.14132.90193.35663.17082.8943
C21.52861.53352.38472.37012.47771.09931.10542.17822.22303.33492.8843
C32.40741.53351.53892.38523.58562.23672.20391.10291.10082.22972.2080
C42.32372.38471.53891.45353.47923.34362.89102.18032.20511.10011.1054
O51.37832.37012.38521.45352.26993.22592.95872.86783.32252.06762.0803
O61.21472.47773.58563.47922.26992.75282.90843.96604.52364.24543.9833
H72.16851.09932.23673.34363.22592.75281.77802.44972.83504.16893.9530
H82.14131.10542.20392.89102.95872.90841.77803.08022.46963.95482.9842
H92.90192.17821.10292.18032.86783.96602.44973.08021.78392.43233.0833
H103.35662.22301.10082.20513.32254.52362.83502.46961.78392.79912.4513
H113.17083.33492.22971.10012.06764.24544.16893.95482.43232.79911.7956
H122.89432.88432.20801.10542.08033.98333.95302.98423.08332.45131.7956

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.664 C1 C2 H7 110.142
C1 C2 H8 107.686 C1 O5 C4 110.256
C2 C1 O5 109.134 C2 C1 O6 128.806
C2 C3 C4 101.825 C2 C3 H9 110.348
C2 C3 H10 114.096 C3 C2 H7 115.340
C3 C2 H8 112.249 C3 C4 O5 105.671
C3 C4 H11 114.301 C3 C4 H12 112.196
C4 C3 H9 110.146 C4 C3 H10 112.241
O5 C1 O6 122.058 O5 C4 H11 107.320
O5 C4 H12 108.001 H7 C2 H8 107.503
H9 C3 H10 108.092 H11 C4 H12 109.012
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at PBEPBE/6-31+G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.290      
2 C -0.249      
3 C -0.353      
4 C -0.155      
5 O -0.234      
6 O -0.430      
7 H 0.206      
8 H 0.208      
9 H 0.192      
10 H 0.180      
11 H 0.174      
12 H 0.173      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.510 1.593 0.418 4.801
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -41.201 1.856 0.268
y 1.856 -35.810 -0.114
z 0.268 -0.114 -34.056
Traceless
 xyz
x -6.268 1.856 0.268
y 1.856 1.819 -0.114
z 0.268 -0.114 4.449
Polar
3z2-r28.898
x2-y2-5.391
xy1.856
xz0.268
yz-0.114


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 9.497 0.398 -0.105
y 0.398 7.787 0.044
z -0.105 0.044 6.224


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 142.206
(<r2>)1/2 11.925