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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: B3LYPultrafine/6-31+G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B3LYPultrafine/6-31+G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.514187
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.514187
Nuclear repulsion energy239.853006
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYPultrafine/6-31+G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3141 3024 10.40      
2 A 3135 3018 22.53      
3 A 3121 3004 16.10      
4 A 3070 2955 23.82      
5 A 3060 2946 6.54      
6 A 3055 2941 40.02      
7 A 1854 1785 441.27      
8 A 1531 1474 0.49      
9 A 1506 1450 6.62      
10 A 1472 1417 8.67      
11 A 1398 1346 19.98      
12 A 1346 1295 1.60      
13 A 1308 1259 8.28      
14 A 1258 1211 9.47      
15 A 1219 1174 12.17      
16 A 1197 1153 3.18      
17 A 1172 1128 226.55      
18 A 1099 1058 7.71      
19 A 1056 1017 74.81      
20 A 1008 970 23.87      
21 A 934 899 5.53      
22 A 896 862 8.97      
23 A 876 844 18.25      
24 A 805 775 4.73      
25 A 679 653 4.30      
26 A 639 615 5.43      
27 A 534 514 3.98      
28 A 485 467 3.17      
29 A 204 196 2.36      
30 A 148 143 1.15      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21601.0 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9627) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20795.3 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYPultrafine/6-31+G**
ABC
0.24203 0.11848 0.08455

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYPultrafine/6-31+G**

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.889 -0.002 0.002
C2 -0.024 1.209 0.163
C3 -1.409 0.671 -0.213
C4 -1.275 -0.822 0.127
O5 0.128 -1.135 -0.047
O6 2.092 -0.030 -0.068
H7 0.337 2.035 -0.452
H8 0.027 1.529 1.211
H9 -1.590 0.800 -1.285
H10 -2.231 1.146 0.329
H11 -1.841 -1.484 -0.532
H12 -1.544 -1.037 1.168

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52512.40392.31711.36551.20522.15952.13312.90603.33993.15102.8892
C21.52511.53282.38612.35832.46241.09141.09712.17222.21403.32192.8926
C32.40391.53281.53762.37703.57282.22802.19721.09481.09282.22072.2008
C42.31712.38611.53761.44723.46383.33132.89872.17362.19721.09141.0962
O51.36552.35832.37701.44722.25343.20292.94822.86833.30202.05672.0684
O61.20522.46243.57283.46382.25342.73752.88643.96524.49684.21763.9698
H72.15951.09142.22803.33133.20292.73751.76602.43542.82694.13883.9499
H82.13311.09712.19722.89872.94822.88641.76603.06262.45433.95043.0100
H92.90602.17221.09482.17362.86833.96522.43543.06261.77062.41773.0648
H103.33992.21401.09282.19723.30204.49682.82692.45431.77062.79402.4374
H113.15103.32192.22071.09142.05674.21764.13883.95042.41772.79401.7816
H122.88922.89262.20081.09622.06843.96983.94993.01003.06482.43741.7816

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.648 C1 C2 H7 110.144
C1 C2 H8 107.759 C1 O5 C4 110.897
C2 C1 O5 109.216 C2 C1 O6 128.438
C2 C3 C4 101.997 C2 C3 H9 110.410
C2 C3 H10 113.914 C3 C2 H7 115.176
C3 C2 H8 112.272 C3 C4 O5 105.528
C3 C4 H11 114.209 C3 C4 H12 112.277
C4 C3 H9 110.189 C4 C3 H10 112.190
O5 C1 O6 122.345 O5 C4 H11 107.398
O5 C4 H12 108.029 H7 C2 H8 107.595
H9 C3 H10 108.064 H11 C4 H12 109.060
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYPultrafine/6-31+G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.382      
2 C -0.211      
3 C -0.308      
4 C -0.061      
5 O -0.318      
6 O -0.473      
7 H 0.183      
8 H 0.184      
9 H 0.166      
10 H 0.155      
11 H 0.152      
12 H 0.150      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.681 1.662 0.424 4.985
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -41.472 1.921 0.274
y 1.921 -35.835 -0.132
z 0.274 -0.132 -33.926
Traceless
 xyz
x -6.592 1.921 0.274
y 1.921 1.864 -0.132
z 0.274 -0.132 4.728
Polar
3z2-r29.456
x2-y2-5.637
xy1.921
xz0.274
yz-0.132


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 9.040 0.376 -0.096
y 0.376 7.371 0.035
z -0.096 0.035 5.997


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 141.290
(<r2>)1/2 11.887