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All results from a given calculation for CH3CHCH2CH3 (2-Butyl radical)

using model chemistry: wB97X-D/cc-pVDZ

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at wB97X-D/cc-pVDZ
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.754572
Energy at 298.15K-157.763123
HF Energy-157.754572
Nuclear repulsion energy122.061429
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at wB97X-D/cc-pVDZ
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3199 3047 25.92      
2 A 3145 2996 33.08      
3 A 3140 2991 23.03      
4 A 3138 2989 38.45      
5 A 3060 2915 25.12      
6 A 3059 2914 39.32      
7 A 3029 2885 31.03      
8 A 2991 2850 46.11      
9 A 2970 2829 40.11      
10 A 1520 1448 5.17      
11 A 1510 1439 8.83      
12 A 1500 1429 8.03      
13 A 1485 1414 2.14      
14 A 1483 1413 8.06      
15 A 1443 1375 1.85      
16 A 1430 1362 7.24      
17 A 1413 1346 1.42      
18 A 1323 1260 4.47      
19 A 1278 1218 0.12      
20 A 1194 1138 0.27      
21 A 1145 1091 0.52      
22 A 1076 1025 1.13      
23 A 1049 1000 0.30      
24 A 1001 953 3.91      
25 A 978 932 0.77      
26 A 864 824 0.27      
27 A 782 745 0.94      
28 A 438 418 0.23      
29 A 365 348 30.64      
30 A 265 252 1.74      
31 A 249 238 1.11      
32 A 113 108 0.58      
33 A 82 78 0.05      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 25858.6 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9526) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24632.9 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at wB97X-D/cc-pVDZ
ABC
0.89060 0.12158 0.11409

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at wB97X-D/cc-pVDZ

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 1.981 -0.046 -0.075
H2 2.060 -0.835 -0.833
H3 2.674 0.757 -0.345
H4 2.347 -0.483 0.870
C5 0.580 0.448 0.050
H6 0.413 1.472 0.380
C7 -0.570 -0.504 0.103
H8 -0.568 -1.035 1.072
H9 -0.429 -1.289 -0.653
C10 -1.933 0.167 -0.091
H11 -2.105 0.930 0.675
H12 -1.991 0.655 -1.068
H13 -2.747 -0.562 -0.027

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 H2 H3 H4 C5 H6 C7 H8 H9 C10 H11 H12 H13
C11.09731.09411.10311.49122.22942.59822.96552.77303.92004.26774.15414.7563
H21.09731.77441.76202.14853.08312.81123.25212.53614.18284.76844.32244.8814
H31.09411.77441.76642.15372.47983.50913.96643.72954.65154.89004.72175.5879
H41.10311.76201.76642.15912.79373.01612.97403.26704.43434.67524.88565.1726
C51.49122.14852.15372.15911.08921.49322.13572.12812.53212.79852.81103.4770
H62.22943.08312.47982.79371.08922.22432.78043.06642.72582.59282.92293.7799
C72.59822.81123.50913.01611.49322.22431.10501.09981.53112.17702.17602.1813
H82.96553.25213.96642.97402.13572.78041.10501.74942.15872.52643.07642.4855
H92.77302.53613.72953.26702.12813.06641.09981.74942.16763.08242.52872.5089
C103.92004.18284.65154.43432.53212.72581.53112.15872.16761.09531.09431.0942
H114.26774.76844.89004.67522.79852.59282.17702.52643.08241.09531.76901.7693
H124.15414.32244.72174.88562.81102.92292.17603.07642.52871.09431.76901.7715
H134.75634.88145.58795.17263.47703.77992.18132.48552.50891.09421.76931.7715

picture of 2-Butyl radical state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C5 H6 118.704 C1 C5 C7 121.060
H2 C1 H3 108.137 H2 C1 H4 106.408
H2 C1 C5 111.291 H3 C1 H4 107.015
H3 C1 C5 111.918 H4 C1 C5 111.792
C5 C7 H8 109.662 C5 C7 H9 109.376
C5 C7 C10 113.697 H6 C5 C7 118.092
C7 C10 H11 110.874 C7 C10 H12 110.851
C7 C10 H13 111.291 H8 C7 H9 105.010
H8 C7 C10 108.870 H9 C7 C10 109.864
H11 C10 H12 107.779 H11 C10 H13 107.819
H12 C10 H13 108.084
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at wB97X-D/cc-pVDZ Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.627      
2 H 0.160      
3 H 0.163      
4 H 0.162      
5 C 0.028      
6 H 0.149      
7 C -0.255      
8 H 0.156      
9 H 0.153      
10 C -0.562      
11 H 0.156      
12 H 0.163      
13 H 0.155      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.056 -0.200 0.164 0.264
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.501 0.204 -0.009
y 0.204 -27.399 0.354
z -0.009 0.354 -28.239
Traceless
 xyz
x 0.318 0.204 -0.009
y 0.204 0.471 0.354
z -0.009 0.354 -0.789
Polar
3z2-r2-1.577
x2-y2-0.102
xy0.204
xz-0.009
yz0.354


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.165 -0.055 0.007
y -0.055 6.918 -0.056
z 0.007 -0.056 6.281


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 116.655
(<r2>)1/2 10.801