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All results from a given calculation for CH3CHCH2CH3 (2-Butyl radical)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/cc-pVDZ

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B3LYP/cc-pVDZ
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.794566
Energy at 298.15K 
Nuclear repulsion energy121.566064
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/cc-pVDZ
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/cc-pVDZ
ABC
0.87887 0.12066 0.11349

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/cc-pVDZ

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 1.987 -0.043 -0.068
H2 2.083 -0.842 -0.825
H3 2.687 0.766 -0.332
H4 2.353 -0.482 0.887
C5 0.581 0.444 0.043
H6 0.407 1.483 0.348
C7 -0.572 -0.505 0.092
H8 -0.564 -1.060 1.059
H9 -0.437 -1.291 -0.678
C10 -1.938 0.168 -0.082
H11 -2.110 0.923 0.704
H12 -2.006 0.681 -1.055
H13 -2.759 -0.565 -0.026

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 H2 H3 H4 C5 H6 C7 H8 H9 C10 H11 H12 H13
C11.10561.10181.11281.49152.23472.60512.96802.79343.93024.27904.17594.7741
H21.10561.78701.77012.16023.09702.82983.25672.56434.21244.79994.36994.9155
H31.10181.78701.77612.16262.48403.52343.97923.75594.66974.90964.74855.6139
H41.11281.77011.77612.17002.81733.03142.97863.29934.44664.68244.91165.1932
C51.49152.16022.16262.17001.09621.49452.14602.13712.53732.81212.82053.4897
H62.23473.09702.48402.81731.09622.23082.81333.07542.72292.60352.90433.7892
C72.60512.82983.52343.03141.49452.23081.11481.10831.53232.18572.18582.1905
H82.96803.25673.97922.97862.14602.81331.11481.75632.16702.53903.09502.4978
H92.79342.56433.75593.29932.13713.07541.10831.75632.17623.09982.54822.5183
C103.93024.21244.66974.44662.53732.72291.53232.16702.17621.10321.10251.1017
H114.27904.79994.90964.68242.81212.60352.18572.53903.09981.10321.77891.7797
H124.17594.36994.74854.91162.82052.90432.18583.09502.54821.10251.77891.7828
H134.77414.91555.61395.19323.48973.78922.19052.49782.51831.10171.77971.7828

picture of 2-Butyl radical state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C5 H6 118.646 C1 C5 C7 121.482
H2 C1 H3 108.104 H2 C1 H4 105.865
H2 C1 C5 111.694 H3 C1 H4 106.642
H3 C1 C5 112.132 H4 C1 C5 112.049
C5 C7 H8 109.799 C5 C7 H9 109.486
C5 C7 C10 113.911 H6 C5 C7 118.057
C7 C10 H11 111.015 C7 C10 H12 111.064
C7 C10 H13 111.482 H8 C7 H9 104.372
H8 C7 C10 108.875 H9 C7 C10 109.964
H11 C10 H12 107.508 H11 C10 H13 107.636
H12 C10 H13 107.960
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/cc-pVDZ Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.020      
2 H 0.021      
3 H 0.023      
4 H 0.027      
5 C -0.136      
6 H -0.009      
7 C -0.005      
8 H 0.016      
9 H 0.009      
10 C -0.017      
11 H 0.020      
12 H 0.022      
13 H 0.011      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.071 -0.162 0.156 0.235
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.559 0.175 -0.034
y 0.175 -27.371 0.326
z -0.034 0.326 -27.996
Traceless
 xyz
x 0.124 0.175 -0.034
y 0.175 0.407 0.326
z -0.034 0.326 -0.531
Polar
3z2-r2-1.062
x2-y2-0.188
xy0.175
xz-0.034
yz0.326


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 0.000 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 0.000 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 0.000


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 117.388
(<r2>)1/2 10.835