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All results from a given calculation for C4H8 (cyclobutane)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/cc-pVDZ

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes D2D 1A1
Energy calculated at B3LYP/cc-pVDZ
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.216396
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-157.216396
Nuclear repulsion energy126.418683
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/cc-pVDZ
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/cc-pVDZ
ABC
0.35425 0.35425 0.20959

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/cc-pVDZ

Point Group is D2d

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 1.085 0.122
C2 0.000 -1.085 0.122
C3 -1.085 0.000 -0.122
C4 1.085 0.000 -0.122
H5 0.000 1.432 1.168
H6 0.000 1.968 -0.536
H7 0.000 -1.432 1.168
H8 0.000 -1.968 -0.536
H9 -1.432 0.000 -1.168
H10 -1.968 0.000 0.536
H11 1.432 0.000 -1.168
H12 1.968 0.000 0.536

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C12.17081.55421.55421.10201.10112.72613.12372.21192.28552.21192.2855
C22.17081.55421.55422.72613.12371.10201.10112.21192.28552.21192.2855
C31.55421.55422.17082.21192.28552.21192.28551.10201.10112.72613.1237
C41.55421.55422.17082.21192.28552.21192.28552.72613.12371.10201.1011
H51.10202.72612.21192.21191.78642.86413.80343.09162.51473.09162.5147
H61.10113.12372.28552.28551.78643.80343.93642.51472.98282.51472.9828
H72.72611.10202.21192.21192.86413.80341.78643.09162.51473.09162.5147
H83.12371.10112.28552.28553.80343.93641.78642.51472.98282.51472.9828
H92.21192.21191.10202.72613.09162.51473.09162.51471.78642.86413.8034
H102.28552.28551.10113.12372.51472.98282.51472.98281.78643.80343.9364
H112.21192.21192.72611.10203.09162.51473.09162.51472.86413.80341.7864
H122.28552.28553.12371.10112.51472.98282.51472.98283.80343.93641.7864

picture of cyclobutane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C3 C2 88.590 C1 C3 H9 111.628
C1 C3 H10 117.786 C1 C4 C2 88.590
C1 C4 H11 111.628 C1 C4 H12 117.786
C2 C3 H9 111.628 C2 C3 H10 117.786
C2 C4 H11 111.628 C2 C4 H12 117.786
C3 C1 C4 88.590 C3 C1 H5 111.628
C3 C1 H6 117.786 C3 C2 C4 88.590
C3 C2 H7 111.628 C3 C2 H8 117.786
C4 C1 H5 111.628 C4 C1 H6 117.786
C4 C2 H7 111.628 C4 C2 H8 117.786
H5 C1 H6 108.366 H7 C2 H8 108.366
H9 C3 H10 108.366 H11 C4 H12 108.366
Electronic energy levels

Electronic state

Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/cc-pVDZ Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.010      
2 C -0.010      
3 C -0.010      
4 C -0.010      
5 H 0.009      
6 H 0.002      
7 H 0.009      
8 H 0.002      
9 H 0.009      
10 H 0.002      
11 H 0.009      
12 H 0.002      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.351 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -27.351 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -25.963
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.694 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -0.694 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.388
Polar
3z2-r22.776
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 0.000 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 0.000 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 0.000


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 75.730
(<r2>)1/2 8.702