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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: B3PW91/cc-pVDZ

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B3PW91/cc-pVDZ
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.399536
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.399536
Nuclear repulsion energy240.756786
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3PW91/cc-pVDZ
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3152 3041 6.06      
2 A 3137 3028 20.59      
3 A 3128 3018 17.58      
4 A 3073 2965 19.42      
5 A 3064 2957 5.79      
6 A 3044 2937 44.17      
7 A 1898 1832 392.12      
8 A 1498 1446 0.91      
9 A 1468 1417 8.38      
10 A 1431 1381 9.20      
11 A 1388 1339 26.65      
12 A 1335 1288 4.27      
13 A 1294 1249 18.60      
14 A 1249 1205 7.28      
15 A 1214 1171 33.78      
16 A 1185 1143 2.57      
17 A 1178 1137 175.17      
18 A 1091 1053 58.81      
19 A 1079 1041 24.43      
20 A 1015 980 16.10      
21 A 950 917 3.13      
22 A 894 863 9.36      
23 A 879 848 12.56      
24 A 813 785 4.20      
25 A 686 662 4.31      
26 A 639 616 4.39      
27 A 531 512 2.24      
28 A 491 474 3.41      
29 A 213 206 1.98      
30 A 153 148 0.75      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21584.2 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.965) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20828.8 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3PW91/cc-pVDZ
ABC
0.24326 0.11968 0.08551

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3PW91/cc-pVDZ

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.885 0.000 0.004
C2 -0.030 1.204 0.174
C3 -1.398 0.665 -0.226
C4 -1.261 -0.817 0.131
O5 0.126 -1.132 -0.044
O6 2.081 -0.029 -0.075
H7 0.340 2.049 -0.420
H8 0.007 1.502 1.235
H9 -1.552 0.780 -1.311
H10 -2.242 1.145 0.289
H11 -1.843 -1.488 -0.516
H12 -1.537 -1.016 1.181

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52092.38882.29961.36341.19902.16242.13132.87643.34173.15032.8782
C21.52091.52412.36662.35072.45651.09741.10372.16802.21603.31792.8660
C32.38881.52411.53032.36333.55072.23052.19381.10141.09882.21752.1964
C42.29962.36661.53031.43333.43973.32902.86502.17062.19891.09851.1041
O51.36342.35072.36331.43332.24453.21042.93082.84163.30172.05592.0693
O61.19902.45653.55073.43972.24452.73302.89123.92174.49394.20943.9549
H72.16241.09742.23053.32903.21042.73301.77492.44642.82614.15783.9348
H82.13131.10372.19382.86502.93082.89121.77493.07182.46633.92842.9546
H92.87642.16801.10142.17062.84163.92172.44643.07181.78002.42073.0713
H103.34172.21601.09882.19893.30174.49392.82612.46631.78002.78182.4412
H113.15033.31792.21751.09852.05594.20944.15783.92842.42072.78181.7875
H122.87822.86602.19641.10412.06933.95493.93482.95463.07132.44121.7875

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.352 C1 C2 H7 110.309
C1 C2 H8 107.531 C1 O5 C4 110.597
C2 C1 O5 109.052 C2 C1 O6 128.767
C2 C3 C4 101.576 C2 C3 H9 110.290
C2 C3 H10 114.342 C3 C2 H7 115.657
C3 C2 H8 112.213 C3 C4 O5 105.724
C3 C4 H11 114.017 C3 C4 H12 111.948
C4 C3 H9 110.058 C4 C3 H10 112.476
O5 C1 O6 122.180 O5 C4 H11 107.857
O5 C4 H12 108.579 H7 C2 H8 107.491
H9 C3 H10 107.996 H11 C4 H12 108.492
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3PW91/cc-pVDZ Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.197      
2 C -0.098      
3 C -0.100      
4 C 0.116      
5 O -0.252      
6 O -0.227      
7 H 0.071      
8 H 0.079      
9 H 0.059      
10 H 0.047      
11 H 0.056      
12 H 0.052      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.077 1.422 0.388 4.336
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -39.653 1.743 0.263
y 1.743 -34.850 -0.056
z 0.263 -0.056 -33.189
Traceless
 xyz
x -5.634 1.743 0.263
y 1.743 1.571 -0.056
z 0.263 -0.056 4.063
Polar
3z2-r28.126
x2-y2-4.803
xy1.743
xz0.263
yz-0.056


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.074 0.449 -0.089
y 0.449 6.552 0.011
z -0.089 0.011 5.453


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 139.509
(<r2>)1/2 11.811