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All results from a given calculation for CH3CHCH2CH3 (2-Butyl radical)

using model chemistry: BLYP/6-311G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at BLYP/6-311G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.715372
Energy at 298.15K-157.723745
Nuclear repulsion energy121.132992
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at BLYP/6-311G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3063 3056 41.04      
2 A 3014 3007 44.01      
3 A 3008 3001 49.63      
4 A 3000 2993 32.52      
5 A 2954 2946 37.08      
6 A 2935 2928 45.27      
7 A 2908 2901 29.94      
8 A 2843 2835 64.86      
9 A 2813 2806 52.89      
10 A 1487 1483 4.53      
11 A 1481 1477 7.58      
12 A 1468 1464 5.87      
13 A 1455 1451 7.67      
14 A 1448 1444 0.66      
15 A 1389 1386 4.85      
16 A 1384 1380 0.67      
17 A 1375 1371 0.34      
18 A 1290 1286 7.63      
19 A 1246 1243 0.14      
20 A 1153 1150 0.34      
21 A 1101 1098 0.49      
22 A 1051 1048 0.64      
23 A 992 989 0.24      
24 A 968 965 2.92      
25 A 957 955 2.28      
26 A 824 822 0.38      
27 A 753 751 1.32      
28 A 420 419 0.39      
29 A 390 389 21.99      
30 A 258 258 1.36      
31 A 229 228 0.09      
32 A 104 104 0.13      
33 A 57 57 0.06      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24907.5 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9975) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24845.3 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at BLYP/6-311G*
ABC
0.87348 0.11926 0.11236

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at BLYP/6-311G*

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 1.997 -0.041 -0.079
H2 2.091 -0.809 -0.867
H3 2.692 0.777 -0.319
H4 2.379 -0.517 0.851
C5 0.587 0.441 0.065
H6 0.417 1.477 0.374
C7 -0.575 -0.506 0.104
H8 -0.588 -1.058 1.072
H9 -0.436 -1.298 -0.657
C10 -1.949 0.171 -0.094
H11 -2.134 0.929 0.683
H12 -2.006 0.675 -1.070
H13 -2.768 -0.562 -0.043

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 H2 H3 H4 C5 H6 C7 H8 H9 C10 H11 H12 H13
C11.10431.10011.11191.49752.23742.62013.00652.79893.95184.31094.18514.7937
H21.10431.78191.76592.16713.09342.85413.31702.58324.22914.82444.36204.9354
H31.10011.78191.77222.16622.47893.53554.00733.76894.68614.93094.75845.6288
H41.11191.76591.77222.17932.83793.04703.02383.28764.48324.74184.93305.2246
C51.49752.16712.16622.17931.09411.49992.15462.14312.55522.83192.83943.5035
H62.23743.09342.47892.83791.09412.23442.81483.08102.74332.62742.93263.8052
C72.62012.85413.53553.04701.49992.23441.11421.10691.54472.19662.19552.1989
H83.00653.31704.00733.02382.15462.81481.11421.75272.17312.54743.09862.4990
H92.79892.58323.76893.28762.14313.08101.10691.75272.18253.10422.55422.5214
C103.95184.22914.68614.48322.55522.74331.54472.17312.18251.10101.10021.1001
H114.31094.82444.93094.74182.83192.62742.19662.54743.10421.10101.77601.7756
H124.18514.36204.75844.93302.83942.93262.19553.09862.55421.10021.77601.7791
H134.79374.93545.62885.22463.50353.80522.19892.49902.52141.10011.77561.7791

picture of 2-Butyl radical state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C5 H6 118.561 C1 C5 C7 121.881
H2 C1 H3 107.868 H2 C1 H4 105.655
H2 C1 C5 111.911 H3 C1 H4 106.482
H3 C1 C5 112.097 H4 C1 C5 112.427
C5 C7 H8 110.141 C5 C7 H9 109.673
C5 C7 C10 114.113 H6 C5 C7 118.096
C7 C10 H11 111.142 C7 C10 H12 111.104
C7 C10 H13 111.377 H8 C7 H9 104.209
H8 C7 C10 108.548 H9 C7 C10 109.688
H11 C10 H12 107.577 H11 C10 H13 107.548
H12 C10 H13 107.915
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at BLYP/6-311G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.605      
2 H 0.198      
3 H 0.202      
4 H 0.196      
5 C -0.160      
6 H 0.176      
7 C -0.382      
8 H 0.190      
9 H 0.191      
10 C -0.592      
11 H 0.193      
12 H 0.198      
13 H 0.194      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.083 -0.157 0.156 0.236
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -28.228 0.262 -0.081
y 0.262 -27.879 0.410
z -0.081 0.410 -28.596
Traceless
 xyz
x 0.009 0.262 -0.081
y 0.262 0.533 0.410
z -0.081 0.410 -0.542
Polar
3z2-r2-1.084
x2-y2-0.349
xy0.262
xz-0.081
yz0.410


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 0.000 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 0.000 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 0.000


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 118.767
(<r2>)1/2 10.898