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All results from a given calculation for CH3CHCH2CH3 (2-Butyl radical)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/6-311G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B3LYP/6-311G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.826010
Energy at 298.15K-157.834472
Nuclear repulsion energy121.926543
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/6-311G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3147 3041 36.13      
2 A 3094 2990 42.03      
3 A 3088 2984 46.89      
4 A 3084 2980 30.66      
5 A 3029 2927 33.31      
6 A 3019 2917 42.06      
7 A 2989 2888 30.47      
8 A 2938 2839 56.57      
9 A 2912 2814 46.88      
10 A 1523 1471 4.84      
11 A 1517 1466 8.23      
12 A 1505 1454 6.64      
13 A 1493 1443 8.55      
14 A 1487 1436 0.82      
15 A 1429 1381 5.96      
16 A 1425 1377 1.03      
17 A 1417 1369 0.81      
18 A 1324 1279 5.95      
19 A 1282 1239 0.09      
20 A 1187 1147 0.32      
21 A 1134 1096 0.28      
22 A 1080 1044 0.80      
23 A 1029 995 0.15      
24 A 995 961 3.31      
25 A 984 950 1.88      
26 A 850 822 0.31      
27 A 772 746 1.16      
28 A 431 417 0.18      
29 A 383 370 23.13      
30 A 260 251 1.65      
31 A 239 231 0.22      
32 A 107 103 0.21      
33 A 59 57 0.07      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 25605.1 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9663) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24742.2 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/6-311G*
ABC
0.88854 0.12093 0.11372

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/6-311G*

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 1.986 -0.042 -0.064
H2 2.092 -0.811 -0.840
H3 2.683 0.766 -0.297
H4 2.340 -0.507 0.872
C5 0.581 0.443 0.044
H6 0.406 1.478 0.327
C7 -0.571 -0.505 0.088
H8 -0.562 -1.066 1.040
H9 -0.442 -1.277 -0.685
C10 -1.937 0.168 -0.078
H11 -2.111 0.907 0.711
H12 -2.007 0.688 -1.038
H13 -2.750 -0.561 -0.032

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 H2 H3 H4 C5 H6 C7 H8 H9 C10 H11 H12 H13
C11.09721.09311.10361.49012.22702.60232.95972.79303.92834.27604.17344.7644
H21.09721.77001.75622.15343.07302.83583.26232.58044.21554.79784.36814.9154
H31.09311.77001.76242.15412.46593.51463.95983.75374.66404.90114.74855.5996
H41.10361.75621.76242.16372.82423.01432.96013.27924.43274.67284.89535.1700
C51.49012.15342.15412.16371.08701.49262.13972.13022.53602.81182.81523.4803
H62.22703.07302.46592.82421.08702.22392.81453.05552.71522.60982.88283.7752
C72.60232.83583.51463.01431.49262.22391.10581.09991.53222.18052.17942.1836
H82.95973.26233.95982.96012.13972.81451.10581.74232.15982.53023.07902.4885
H92.79302.58043.75373.27922.13023.05551.09991.74232.16663.08302.53642.5041
C103.92834.21554.66404.43272.53602.71521.53222.15982.16661.09431.09361.0933
H114.27604.79784.90114.67282.81182.60982.18052.53023.08301.09431.76511.7647
H124.17344.36814.74854.89532.81522.88282.17943.07902.53641.09361.76511.7676
H134.76444.91545.59965.17003.48033.77522.18362.48852.50411.09331.76471.7676

picture of 2-Butyl radical state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C5 H6 118.731 C1 C5 C7 121.487
H2 C1 H3 107.830 H2 C1 H4 105.878
H2 C1 C5 111.777 H3 C1 H4 106.698
H3 C1 C5 112.082 H4 C1 C5 112.208
C5 C7 H8 109.973 C5 C7 H9 109.573
C5 C7 C10 113.938 H6 C5 C7 118.257
C7 C10 H11 111.143 C7 C10 H12 111.103
C7 C10 H13 111.453 H8 C7 H9 104.360
H8 C7 C10 108.844 H9 C7 C10 109.715
H11 C10 H12 107.562 H11 C10 H13 107.545
H12 C10 H13 107.852
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/6-311G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.632     -0.421
2 H 0.208     0.115
3 H 0.213     0.128
4 H 0.207     0.117
5 C -0.181     -0.079
6 H 0.191     0.083
7 C -0.405     0.095
8 H 0.201     0.020
9 H 0.202     0.036
10 C -0.622     -0.356
11 H 0.204     0.092
12 H 0.208     0.079
13 H 0.206     0.091


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.074 -0.147 0.161 0.230
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP 0.086 -0.181 0.148 0.249


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -28.006 0.265 -0.052
y 0.265 -27.600 0.393
z -0.052 0.393 -28.345
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.033 0.265 -0.052
y 0.265 0.576 0.393
z -0.052 0.393 -0.542
Polar
3z2-r2-1.085
x2-y2-0.406
xy0.265
xz-0.052
yz0.393


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.209 -0.016 -0.020
y -0.016 6.703 0.018
z -0.020 0.018 5.860


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 117.269
(<r2>)1/2 10.829