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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: B3PW91/6-311G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B3PW91/6-311G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.451461
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.451461
Nuclear repulsion energy241.237708
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3PW91/6-311G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3143 3026 13.08      
2 A 3134 3017 31.47      
3 A 3123 3006 17.72      
4 A 3070 2955 26.13      
5 A 3059 2945 7.45      
6 A 3051 2937 45.61      
7 A 1890 1819 411.60      
8 A 1537 1480 0.94      
9 A 1507 1451 8.83      
10 A 1473 1419 10.20      
11 A 1406 1354 16.34      
12 A 1352 1301 0.99      
13 A 1313 1264 10.49      
14 A 1272 1225 8.65      
15 A 1229 1183 16.31      
16 A 1208 1163 1.98      
17 A 1177 1133 219.66      
18 A 1104 1062 14.65      
19 A 1080 1040 73.71      
20 A 1019 981 18.93      
21 A 949 913 3.61      
22 A 903 869 8.90      
23 A 883 850 16.89      
24 A 813 783 4.56      
25 A 687 661 4.69      
26 A 641 617 4.71      
27 A 534 514 2.77      
28 A 492 474 3.37      
29 A 211 203 2.34      
30 A 152 146 0.75      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21705.4 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9627) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20895.8 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3PW91/6-311G*
ABC
0.24430 0.12001 0.08572

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3PW91/6-311G*

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.886 -0.002 0.003
C2 -0.029 1.201 0.171
C3 -1.399 0.665 -0.224
C4 -1.261 -0.817 0.131
O5 0.127 -1.130 -0.046
O6 2.077 -0.027 -0.072
H7 0.336 2.039 -0.423
H8 0.008 1.505 1.224
H9 -1.557 0.781 -1.300
H10 -2.233 1.142 0.294
H11 -1.835 -1.485 -0.512
H12 -1.529 -1.015 1.175

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52062.39022.30001.36031.19402.15632.12882.87673.33433.14082.8692
C21.52061.52342.36512.34632.45011.08991.09612.16232.20823.30832.8587
C32.39021.52341.52922.36153.54692.22192.18661.09381.09162.21222.1895
C42.30002.36511.52921.43393.43653.31862.86312.16492.19231.09031.0956
O51.36032.34632.36151.43392.24053.19802.92742.83843.29282.04692.0605
O61.19402.45013.54693.43652.24052.72492.88253.91964.48054.19753.9417
H72.15631.08992.22193.31863.19802.72491.76202.43572.81344.13983.9192
H82.12881.09612.18662.86312.92742.88251.76203.05652.45353.91812.9529
H92.87672.16231.09382.16492.83843.91962.43573.05651.76802.41513.0577
H103.33432.20821.09162.19233.29284.48052.81342.45351.76802.77652.4341
H113.14083.30832.21221.09032.04694.19754.13983.91812.41512.77651.7772
H122.86922.85872.18951.09562.06053.94173.91922.95293.05772.43411.7772

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.479 C1 C2 H7 110.289
C1 C2 H8 107.782 C1 O5 C4 110.773
C2 C1 O5 108.937 C2 C1 O6 128.595
C2 C3 C4 101.570 C2 C3 H9 110.341
C2 C3 H10 114.212 C3 C2 H7 115.475
C3 C2 H8 112.151 C3 C4 O5 105.642
C3 C4 H11 114.191 C3 C4 H12 112.003
C4 C3 H9 110.144 C4 C3 H10 112.478
O5 C1 O6 122.467 O5 C4 H11 107.592
O5 C4 H12 108.351 H7 C2 H8 107.417
H9 C3 H10 108.001 H11 C4 H12 108.786
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3PW91/6-311G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.441      
2 C -0.581      
3 C -0.497      
4 C -0.220      
5 O -0.285      
6 O -0.325      
7 H 0.264      
8 H 0.258      
9 H 0.243      
10 H 0.240      
11 H 0.236      
12 H 0.225      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.269 1.504 0.406 4.544
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -40.143 1.830 0.251
y 1.830 -35.222 -0.074
z 0.251 -0.074 -33.298
Traceless
 xyz
x -5.883 1.830 0.251
y 1.830 1.498 -0.074
z 0.251 -0.074 4.385
Polar
3z2-r28.769
x2-y2-4.921
xy1.830
xz0.251
yz-0.074


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.161 0.447 -0.083
y 0.447 6.632 0.018
z -0.083 0.018 5.495


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 139.315
(<r2>)1/2 11.803