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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: M06-2X/6-311G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at M06-2X/6-311G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.441500
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.441500
Nuclear repulsion energy241.676984
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at M06-2X/6-311G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3171 3171 22.46      
2 A 3164 3164 11.22      
3 A 3159 3159 5.69      
4 A 3098 3098 21.17      
5 A 3092 3092 5.77      
6 A 3085 3085 32.62      
7 A 1935 1935 447.88      
8 A 1552 1552 1.09      
9 A 1518 1518 8.88      
10 A 1481 1481 10.78      
11 A 1420 1420 22.50      
12 A 1358 1358 1.54      
13 A 1323 1323 15.37      
14 A 1282 1282 15.71      
15 A 1237 1237 35.73      
16 A 1216 1216 2.68      
17 A 1203 1203 212.06      
18 A 1119 1119 63.40      
19 A 1106 1106 28.80      
20 A 1026 1026 12.39      
21 A 955 955 3.40      
22 A 911 911 11.20      
23 A 893 893 12.03      
24 A 823 823 5.22      
25 A 694 694 6.05      
26 A 644 644 4.66      
27 A 533 533 3.37      
28 A 498 498 4.13      
29 A 218 218 2.73      
30 A 150 150 0.50      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21931.5 cm-1
Scaled (by 1) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21931.5 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at M06-2X/6-311G*
ABC
0.24457 0.12057 0.08619

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at M06-2X/6-311G*

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.884 -0.004 0.003
C2 -0.029 1.202 0.178
C3 -1.394 0.663 -0.235
C4 -1.258 -0.815 0.139
O5 0.125 -1.127 -0.051
O6 2.070 -0.027 -0.074
H7 0.343 2.041 -0.405
H8 -0.005 1.486 1.235
H9 -1.531 0.764 -1.314
H10 -2.233 1.145 0.266
H11 -1.840 -1.488 -0.488
H12 -1.513 -0.992 1.188

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52222.38582.29411.35651.18952.15442.12772.85543.33253.14002.8501
C21.52221.52492.36182.34512.44541.08791.09432.16162.20723.31002.8344
C32.38581.52491.53092.35543.53662.22402.18361.09191.08922.21132.1864
C42.29412.36181.53091.43053.42713.31912.84002.16302.19251.08841.0939
O51.35652.34512.35541.43052.23523.19542.91552.81283.29002.04472.0581
O61.18952.44543.53663.42712.23522.71482.88253.88984.47354.19473.9195
H72.15441.08792.22403.31913.19542.71481.76562.44282.80944.15033.8965
H82.12771.09432.18362.84002.91552.88251.76563.05672.45423.89612.9014
H92.85542.16161.09192.16302.81283.88982.44283.05671.77012.41853.0569
H103.33252.20721.08922.19253.29004.47352.80942.45421.77012.76632.4366
H113.14003.31002.21131.08842.04474.19474.15033.89612.41852.76631.7782
H122.85012.83442.18641.09392.05813.91953.89652.90143.05692.43661.7782

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.069 C1 C2 H7 110.155
C1 C2 H8 107.698 C1 O5 C4 110.772
C2 C1 O5 108.968 C2 C1 O6 128.377
C2 C3 C4 101.230 C2 C3 H9 110.296
C2 C3 H10 114.167 C3 C2 H7 115.673
C3 C2 H8 111.913 C3 C4 O5 105.331
C3 C4 H11 114.113 C3 C4 H12 111.728
C4 C3 H9 109.986 C4 C3 H10 112.515
O5 C1 O6 122.654 O5 C4 H11 107.758
O5 C4 H12 108.497 H7 C2 H8 108.015
H9 C3 H10 108.489 H11 C4 H12 109.144
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at M06-2X/6-311G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.477      
2 C -0.609      
3 C -0.518      
4 C -0.236      
5 O -0.308      
6 O -0.340      
7 H 0.275      
8 H 0.271      
9 H 0.255      
10 H 0.252      
11 H 0.246      
12 H 0.236      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.309 1.572 0.432 4.607
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -40.364 1.862 0.252
y 1.862 -35.568 -0.102
z 0.252 -0.102 -33.595
Traceless
 xyz
x -5.783 1.862 0.252
y 1.862 1.411 -0.102
z 0.252 -0.102 4.372
Polar
3z2-r28.743
x2-y2-4.796
xy1.862
xz0.252
yz-0.102


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.019 0.435 -0.073
y 0.435 6.483 0.018
z -0.073 0.018 5.428


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 138.958
(<r2>)1/2 11.788