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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: wB97X-D/6-311G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at wB97X-D/6-311G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.469845
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.469845
Nuclear repulsion energy241.557456
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at wB97X-D/6-311G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3164 3164 12.81      
2 A 3154 3154 32.54      
3 A 3141 3141 17.29      
4 A 3086 3086 24.72      
5 A 3076 3076 8.95      
6 A 3067 3067 47.24      
7 A 1915 1915 430.93      
8 A 1555 1555 0.95      
9 A 1525 1525 8.74      
10 A 1481 1481 10.87      
11 A 1427 1427 18.06      
12 A 1370 1370 1.11      
13 A 1324 1324 12.17      
14 A 1287 1287 12.57      
15 A 1242 1242 23.24      
16 A 1221 1221 2.63      
17 A 1200 1200 225.01      
18 A 1117 1117 19.32      
19 A 1097 1097 72.12      
20 A 1027 1027 14.51      
21 A 954 954 3.55      
22 A 919 919 8.90      
23 A 893 893 13.72      
24 A 821 821 4.77      
25 A 695 695 5.05      
26 A 651 651 4.98      
27 A 537 537 3.31      
28 A 497 497 3.86      
29 A 222 222 2.37      
30 A 150 150 0.82      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21906.9 cm-1
Scaled (by 1) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21906.9 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at wB97X-D/6-311G*
ABC
0.24469 0.12038 0.08598

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at wB97X-D/6-311G*

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.884 -0.003 0.003
C2 -0.030 1.202 0.171
C3 -1.399 0.662 -0.225
C4 -1.257 -0.818 0.133
O5 0.128 -1.126 -0.049
O6 2.073 -0.026 -0.071
H7 0.334 2.037 -0.425
H8 0.005 1.504 1.223
H9 -1.556 0.777 -1.300
H10 -2.233 1.137 0.293
H11 -1.832 -1.488 -0.505
H12 -1.518 -1.011 1.179

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52162.38882.29471.35511.19162.15592.12902.87423.33143.13662.8587
C21.52161.52432.36432.34412.44721.08891.09502.16282.20733.30762.8515
C32.38881.52431.53002.35843.54292.22122.18601.09291.09052.21102.1878
C42.29472.36431.53001.43053.42913.31632.85922.16552.19131.08921.0947
O51.35512.34412.35841.43052.23483.19252.92452.83283.28842.04452.0570
O61.19162.44723.54293.42912.23482.72152.87973.91494.47504.19203.9285
H72.15591.08892.22123.31633.19252.72151.76352.43482.81334.13803.9114
H82.12901.09502.18602.85922.92452.87971.76353.05572.45133.91332.9414
H92.87422.16281.09292.16552.83283.91492.43483.05571.76842.41573.0570
H103.33142.20731.09052.19133.28844.47502.81332.45131.76842.77272.4313
H113.13663.30762.21101.08922.04454.19204.13803.91332.41572.77271.7778
H122.85872.85152.18781.09472.05703.92853.91142.94143.05702.43131.7778

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.306 C1 C2 H7 110.248
C1 C2 H8 107.795 C1 O5 C4 110.900
C2 C1 O5 109.015 C2 C1 O6 128.424
C2 C3 C4 101.443 C2 C3 H9 110.375
C2 C3 H10 114.145 C3 C2 H7 115.415
C3 C2 H8 112.104 C3 C4 O5 105.568
C3 C4 H11 114.102 C3 C4 H12 111.852
C4 C3 H9 110.189 C4 C3 H10 112.399
O5 C1 O6 122.560 O5 C4 H11 107.702
O5 C4 H12 108.360 H7 C2 H8 107.706
H9 C3 H10 108.181 H11 C4 H12 108.985
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at wB97X-D/6-311G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.429      
2 C -0.574      
3 C -0.490      
4 C -0.219      
5 O -0.282      
6 O -0.321      
7 H 0.263      
8 H 0.256      
9 H 0.240      
10 H 0.239      
11 H 0.235      
12 H 0.223      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.341 1.520 0.416 4.618
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -40.260 1.853 0.248
y 1.853 -35.246 -0.091
z 0.248 -0.091 -33.287
Traceless
 xyz
x -5.993 1.853 0.248
y 1.853 1.527 -0.091
z 0.248 -0.091 4.466
Polar
3z2-r28.932
x2-y2-5.014
xy1.853
xz0.248
yz-0.091


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.050 0.437 -0.079
y 0.437 6.549 0.016
z -0.079 0.016 5.493


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 139.023
(<r2>)1/2 11.791