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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/6-311G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B3LYP/6-311G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.569390
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.569390
Nuclear repulsion energy240.451407
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/6-311G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3129 3024 18.84      
2 A 3123 3018 30.79      
3 A 3108 3004 20.86      
4 A 3060 2957 28.73      
5 A 3049 2946 8.87      
6 A 3044 2941 44.90      
7 A 1872 1809 402.29      
8 A 1542 1490 0.52      
9 A 1514 1463 7.23      
10 A 1482 1433 9.02      
11 A 1405 1357 13.68      
12 A 1353 1308 0.62      
13 A 1315 1270 6.86      
14 A 1270 1227 7.79      
15 A 1227 1186 9.64      
16 A 1209 1168 2.51      
17 A 1160 1121 221.85      
18 A 1106 1069 13.99      
19 A 1059 1023 75.97      
20 A 1011 977 21.49      
21 A 936 905 4.45      
22 A 900 870 9.48      
23 A 877 848 20.84      
24 A 803 776 4.78      
25 A 682 659 4.59      
26 A 642 620 4.92      
27 A 536 518 3.32      
28 A 489 473 3.19      
29 A 207 200 2.34      
30 A 151 145 0.74      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21629.9 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9663) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20900.9 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/6-311G*
ABC
0.24267 0.11918 0.08504

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/6-311G*

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.891 -0.002 0.003
C2 -0.026 1.207 0.168
C3 -1.405 0.668 -0.219
C4 -1.269 -0.821 0.129
O5 0.128 -1.134 -0.046
O6 2.083 -0.028 -0.071
H7 0.335 2.039 -0.435
H8 0.015 1.520 1.217
H9 -1.573 0.790 -1.293
H10 -2.233 1.144 0.307
H11 -1.837 -1.485 -0.521
H12 -1.539 -1.026 1.170

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52642.40172.31291.36561.19502.16022.13502.89383.34173.14912.8835
C21.52641.52972.37812.35532.45611.08951.09552.16762.21213.31672.8770
C32.40171.52971.53522.37203.55992.22522.19191.09321.09112.21702.1953
C42.31292.37811.53521.44193.45023.32672.88262.16982.19631.08961.0946
O51.36562.35532.37201.44192.24643.20312.94092.85453.30002.05232.0657
O61.19502.45613.55993.45022.24642.73152.88703.94034.48894.20673.9569
H72.16021.08952.22523.32673.20312.73151.76112.43602.81904.14073.9347
H82.13501.09552.19192.88262.94092.88701.76113.05812.45423.93462.9832
H92.89382.16761.09322.16982.85453.94032.43603.05811.76682.41723.0600
H103.34172.21211.09112.19633.30004.48892.81902.45421.76682.78512.4368
H113.14913.31672.21701.08962.05234.20674.14073.93462.41722.78511.7767
H122.88352.87702.19531.09462.06573.95693.93472.98323.06002.43681.7767

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.603 C1 C2 H7 110.222
C1 C2 H8 107.911 C1 O5 C4 110.908
C2 C1 O5 108.932 C2 C1 O6 128.573
C2 C3 C4 101.772 C2 C3 H9 110.361
C2 C3 H10 114.098 C3 C2 H7 115.304
C3 C2 H8 112.160 C3 C4 O5 105.600
C3 C4 H11 114.198 C3 C4 H12 112.092
C4 C3 H9 110.153 C4 C3 H10 112.396
O5 C1 O6 122.493 O5 C4 H11 107.515
O5 C4 H12 108.272 H7 C2 H8 107.415
H9 C3 H10 107.977 H11 C4 H12 108.869
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/6-311G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.413      
2 C -0.538      
3 C -0.461      
4 C -0.201      
5 O -0.285      
6 O -0.309      
7 H 0.248      
8 H 0.243      
9 H 0.228      
10 H 0.225      
11 H 0.224      
12 H 0.213      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.255 1.506 0.395 4.530
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -40.453 1.841 0.244
y 1.841 -35.601 -0.081
z 0.244 -0.081 -33.605
Traceless
 xyz
x -5.851 1.841 0.244
y 1.841 1.429 -0.081
z 0.244 -0.081 4.422
Polar
3z2-r28.844
x2-y2-4.853
xy1.841
xz0.244
yz-0.081


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.210 0.456 -0.085
y 0.456 6.676 0.018
z -0.085 0.018 5.532


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 140.358
(<r2>)1/2 11.847