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All results from a given calculation for CH3CH2CH2CH3 (Butane)

using model chemistry: CCD/3-21G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes Anti 1Ag
1 2 no Gauche 1A

Conformer 1 (Anti)

Jump to S1C2
Energy calculated at CCD/3-21G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-156.855034
Energy at 298.15K-156.865732
HF Energy-156.430647
Nuclear repulsion energy129.192773
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at CCD/3-21G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
Au 125 120 0.00      
Au 227 217 0.00      
Bg 264 253 0.00      
Bu 267 255 0.11      
Ag 432 413 0.00      
Au 753 720 4.50      
Ag 837 800 0.00      
Bg 848 811 0.00      
Bu 976 933 1.46      
Au 1017 973 1.55      
Bu 1036 991 8.25      
Ag 1045 1000 0.00      
Ag 1200 1148 0.00      
Bg 1264 1209 0.00      
Au 1346 1288 0.07      
Bu 1380 1320 0.55      
Bg 1384 1323 0.00      
Ag 1427 1365 0.00      
Bu 1478 1414 8.23      
Ag 1480 1415 0.00      
Ag 1568 1500 0.00      
Bu 1573 1505 1.42      
Bg 1582 1513 0.00      
Au 1582 1514 12.95      
Ag 1585 1516 0.00      
Bu 1589 1520 8.06      
Ag 3025 2893 0.00      
Bu 3031 2899 19.75      
Ag 3032 2900 0.00      
Bu 3034 2902 62.49      
Bg 3051 2918 0.00      
Au 3070 2937 6.12      
Bg 3096 2962 0.00      
Ag 3098 2963 0.00      
Bu 3099 2964 66.48      
Au 3103 2968 100.47      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 29450.3 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9565) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 28169.2 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at CCD/3-21G*
ABC
0.76173 0.11854 0.11120

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at CCD/3-21G*

Point Group is C2h

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 -0.433 0.644 0.000
C2 0.433 -0.644 0.000
C3 0.433 1.934 0.000
C4 -0.433 -1.934 0.000
H5 -1.086 0.637 0.887
H6 -1.086 0.637 -0.887
H7 1.086 -0.637 0.887
H8 1.086 -0.637 -0.887
H9 -0.197 2.834 0.000
H10 1.077 1.961 0.891
H11 1.077 1.961 -0.891
H12 0.197 -2.834 0.000
H13 -1.077 -1.961 0.891
H14 -1.077 -1.961 -0.891

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13 H14
C11.55301.55392.57851.10141.10142.17642.17642.20282.19272.19273.53552.82752.8275
C21.55302.57851.55392.17642.17641.10141.10143.53552.82752.82752.20282.19272.1927
C31.55392.57853.96422.18622.18622.79682.79681.09921.09971.09974.77454.27154.2715
C42.57851.55393.96422.79682.79682.18622.18624.77454.27154.27151.09921.09971.0997
H51.10142.17642.18622.79681.77392.51823.08022.53142.53643.09763.80562.59733.1476
H61.10142.17642.18622.79681.77393.08022.51822.53143.09762.53643.80563.14762.5973
H72.17641.10142.79682.18622.51823.08021.77393.80562.59733.14762.53142.53643.0976
H82.17641.10142.79682.18623.08022.51821.77393.80563.14762.59732.53143.09762.5364
H92.20283.53551.09924.77452.53142.53143.80563.80561.78371.78375.68274.95604.9560
H102.19272.82751.09974.27152.53643.09762.59733.14761.78371.78224.95604.47424.8161
H112.19272.82751.09974.27153.09762.53643.14762.59731.78371.78224.95604.81614.4742
H123.53552.20284.77451.09923.80563.80562.53142.53145.68274.95604.95601.78371.7837
H132.82752.19274.27151.09972.59733.14762.53643.09764.95604.47424.81611.78371.7822
H142.82752.19274.27151.09973.14762.59733.09762.53644.95604.81614.47421.78371.7822

picture of Butane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C4 112.186 C1 C2 H7 108.964
C1 C2 H8 108.964 C1 C3 H9 111.100
C1 C3 H11 110.276 C1 C3 H12 31.062
C2 C1 C3 112.186 C2 C1 H5 108.964
C2 C1 H6 108.964 C2 C4 H10 17.433
C2 C4 H13 110.276 C2 C4 H14 110.276
C3 C1 H5 109.663 C3 C1 H6 109.663
C4 C2 H7 109.663 C4 C2 H8 109.663
H5 C1 H6 107.273 H7 C2 H8 107.273
H9 C3 H11 108.424 H9 C3 H12 142.162
H10 C4 H13 93.439 H10 C4 H14 113.459
H11 C3 H12 93.042 H13 C4 H14 108.262
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability

Conformer 2 (Gauche)

Jump to S1C1
Energy calculated at CCD/3-21G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-156.854077
Energy at 298.15K 
Nuclear repulsion energy131.071603
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at CCD/3-21G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3115 2979 34.50      
2 A 3096 2961 0.07      
3 A 3060 2927 16.27      
4 A 3037 2905 11.20      
5 A 3029 2898 21.12      
6 A 1592 1523 3.01      
7 A 1583 1515 3.08      
8 A 1567 1499 0.28      
9 A 1483 1419 5.22      
10 A 1413 1351 0.43      
11 A 1361 1301 0.51      
12 A 1243 1189 0.03      
13 A 1088 1041 0.01      
14 A 1012 968 0.32      
15 A 853 816 0.93      
16 A 793 759 1.18      
17 A 332 317 0.06      
18 A 266 255 0.02      
19 A 113 108 0.01      
20 B 3106 2971 52.54      
21 B 3097 2963 69.38      
22 B 3066 2933 17.59      
23 B 3034 2902 18.53      
24 B 3026 2894 17.45      
25 B 1588 1519 9.06      
26 B 1580 1512 8.73      
27 B 1568 1500 0.55      
28 B 1473 1409 5.29      
29 B 1433 1370 1.71      
30 B 1344 1285 0.09      
31 B 1194 1142 2.83      
32 B 1023 979 3.80      
33 B 949 908 1.84      
34 B 774 740 5.01      
35 B 443 424 0.63      
36 B 221 211 0.03      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 29477.3 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9565) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 28195.0 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at CCD/3-21G*
ABC
0.76173 0.11854 0.11120

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at CCD/3-21G*

Point Group is C2h

Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability