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All results from a given calculation for KCN (Potassium cyanide)

using model chemistry: M06-2X/3-21G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 no C*V 1Σ
1 2 no C*V 1Σ
1 3 yes CS 1A'

Conformer 1 (C*V)

Jump to S1C2 S1C3
Energy calculated at M06-2X/3-21G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-689.192437
Energy at 298.15K-689.191596
HF Energy-689.192437
Nuclear repulsion energy60.959348
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at M06-2X/3-21G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 Σ 2202 2085 3.04      
2 Σ 287 272 49.43      
3 Π 19 18 17.66      
3 Π 19 18 17.66      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1263.5 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9472) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1196.8 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at M06-2X/3-21G*
B
0.09892

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at M06-2X/3-21G*

Point Group is C∞v

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
K1 0.000 0.000 1.307
C2 0.000 0.000 -1.278
N3 0.000 0.000 -2.453

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  K1 C2 N3
K12.58483.7605
C22.58481.1757
N33.76051.1757

picture of Potassium cyanide state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
K1 C2 N3 180.000 K1 N3 C2 0.000
C2 K1 N3 0.000
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at M06-2X/3-21G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 K 0.591      
2 C -0.132      
3 N -0.458      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 12.229 12.229
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -23.398 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -23.398 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -29.409
Traceless
 xyz
x 3.005 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 3.005 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -6.010
Polar
3z2-r2-12.021
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 2.841 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 2.841 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 5.094


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 100.255
(<r2>)1/2 10.013

Conformer 2 (C*V)

Jump to S1C1 S1C3
Energy calculated at M06-2X/3-21G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-689.201198
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-689.201198
Nuclear repulsion energy64.590534
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at M06-2X/3-21G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 Σ 2139 2026 91.74      
2 Σ 331 314 59.39      
3 Π 13i 12i 4.54      
3 Π 13i 12i 4.54      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1222.2 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9472) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1157.7 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at M06-2X/3-21G*
B
0.11535

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at M06-2X/3-21G*

Point Group is C∞v

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
K1 0.000 0.000 1.204
C2 0.000 0.000 -2.399
N3 0.000 0.000 -1.212

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  K1 C2 N3
K13.60352.4167
C23.60351.1868
N32.41671.1868

picture of Potassium cyanide state 1 conformation 2
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
K1 C2 N3 0.000 K1 N3 C2 180.000
C2 K1 N3 0.000
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at M06-2X/3-21G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 K 0.574      
2 C -0.013      
3 N -0.561      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 11.981 11.981
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -23.386 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -23.386 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -31.369
Traceless
 xyz
x 3.992 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 3.992 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -7.983
Polar
3z2-r2-15.967
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 2.682 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 2.682 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 4.945


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 88.652
(<r2>)1/2 9.415

Conformer 3 (CS)

Jump to S1C1 S1C2
Energy calculated at M06-2X/3-21G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-689.205063
Energy at 298.15K-689.204940
HF Energy-689.205063
Nuclear repulsion energy68.314169
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at M06-2X/3-21G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A' 2115 2003 23.39      
2 A' 359 340 42.96      
3 A' 130 123 9.76      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1301.8 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9472) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1233.1 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at M06-2X/3-21G*
ABC
1.98639 0.16119 0.14909

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at M06-2X/3-21G*

Point Group is Cs

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
K1 0.000 1.049 0.000
C2 0.619 -1.693 0.000
N3 -0.530 -1.396 0.000

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  K1 C2 N3
K12.81122.5014
C22.81121.1873
N32.50141.1873

picture of Potassium cyanide state 1 conformation 3
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
K1 C2 N3 62.757 K1 N3 C2 92.280
C2 K1 N3 24.962
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at M06-2X/3-21G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 K 0.513      
2 C -0.028      
3 N -0.484      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -0.251 10.324 0.000 10.327
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.877 1.201 0.000
y 1.201 -25.784 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -23.664
Traceless
 xyz
x -3.153 1.201 0.000
y 1.201 -0.013 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 3.167
Polar
3z2-r26.333
x2-y2-2.093
xy1.201
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 3.925 -0.314 0.000
y -0.314 3.484 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 2.831


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 72.109
(<r2>)1/2 8.492