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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: TPSSh/3-21G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at TPSSh/3-21G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-304.822634
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-304.822634
Nuclear repulsion energy236.871009
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at TPSSh/3-21G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3159 3051 17.20      
2 A 3153 3045 14.98      
3 A 3142 3034 11.27      
4 A 3087 2981 17.47      
5 A 3068 2962 36.73      
6 A 3064 2959 5.08      
7 A 1809 1747 255.90      
8 A 1567 1513 0.89      
9 A 1542 1489 5.74      
10 A 1513 1461 10.34      
11 A 1379 1332 1.64      
12 A 1376 1328 0.64      
13 A 1333 1287 5.62      
14 A 1275 1232 5.22      
15 A 1227 1185 2.73      
16 A 1186 1145 3.01      
17 A 1117 1079 40.95      
18 A 1087 1050 160.80      
19 A 1020 985 15.44      
20 A 973 940 51.42      
21 A 923 892 1.61      
22 A 891 861 14.19      
23 A 870 840 26.04      
24 A 765 739 6.04      
25 A 660 637 6.18      
26 A 618 596 2.72      
27 A 517 499 1.94      
28 A 463 447 2.22      
29 A 212 205 3.53      
30 A 148 143 0.08      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21570.8 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9657) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20830.9 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at TPSSh/3-21G*
ABC
0.23610 0.11529 0.08279

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at TPSSh/3-21G*

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.904 0.007 0.006
C2 -0.033 1.214 0.197
C3 -1.404 0.678 -0.260
C4 -1.310 -0.814 0.146
O5 0.125 -1.166 -0.045
O6 2.121 -0.028 -0.081
H7 0.336 2.070 -0.371
H8 -0.046 1.471 1.266
H9 -1.490 0.759 -1.349
H10 -2.251 1.180 0.213
H11 -1.894 -1.483 -0.485
H12 -1.566 -0.958 1.201

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.53932.41732.36491.40951.22032.17252.15222.85133.37213.20822.9089
C21.53931.54142.39662.39752.50141.09171.09922.17302.21863.34752.8418
C32.41731.54141.54822.40423.59852.23102.19111.09551.09302.22712.1992
C42.36492.39661.54821.48943.52633.36022.84062.17722.20581.09021.0955
O51.40952.39752.40421.48942.29773.25952.94992.83043.34902.09052.1111
O61.22032.50143.59853.52632.29772.76992.95893.90674.54504.28954.0125
H72.17251.09172.23103.36023.25952.76991.78432.45162.79724.19693.9062
H82.15221.09922.19112.84062.94992.95891.78433.07092.46083.89982.8659
H92.85132.17301.09552.17722.83043.90672.45163.07091.78802.43663.0753
H103.37212.21861.09302.20583.34904.54502.79722.46081.78802.77642.4530
H113.20823.34752.22711.09022.09054.28954.19693.89982.43662.77641.7964
H122.90892.84182.19921.09552.11114.01253.90622.86593.07532.45301.7964

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.379 C1 C2 H7 110.163
C1 C2 H8 108.148 C1 O5 C4 109.304
C2 C1 O5 108.709 C2 C1 O6 129.664
C2 C3 C4 101.733 C2 C3 H9 109.832
C2 C3 H10 113.644 C3 C2 H7 114.760
C3 C2 H8 111.047 C3 C4 O5 104.633
C3 C4 H11 114.028 C3 C4 H12 111.432
C4 C3 H9 109.697 C4 C3 H10 112.115
O5 C1 O6 121.622 O5 C4 H11 107.256
O5 C4 H12 108.554 H7 C2 H8 109.060
H9 C3 H10 109.570 H11 C4 H12 110.551
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at TPSSh/3-21G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.661      
2 C -0.526      
3 C -0.463      
4 C -0.174      
5 O -0.474      
6 O -0.470      
7 H 0.256      
8 H 0.256      
9 H 0.240      
10 H 0.227      
11 H 0.240      
12 H 0.227      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.185 1.724 0.462 4.550
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 7.725 0.516 -0.147
y 0.516 5.926 0.041
z -0.147 0.041 4.868


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 143.249
(<r2>)1/2 11.969