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All results from a given calculation for C4H8 (cyclobutane)

using model chemistry: BLYP/6-31G

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes D2D 1A1
Energy calculated at BLYP/6-31G
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.068657
Energy at 298.15K-157.077615
HF Energy-157.068657
Nuclear repulsion energy124.998916
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at BLYP/6-31G
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A1 3025 3002 0.00      
2 A1 2997 2974 0.00      
3 A1 1516 1504 0.00      
4 A1 1166 1157 0.00      
5 A1 974 966 0.00      
6 A1 139 138 0.00      
7 A2 1261 1251 0.00      
8 A2 959 951 0.00      
9 B1 1241 1231 0.00      
10 B1 1155 1147 0.00      
11 B1 916 909 0.00      
12 B2 3061 3038 130.44      
13 B2 2987 2964 7.71      
14 B2 1497 1486 2.25      
15 B2 857 850 0.25      
16 B2 648 643 3.83      
17 E 3040 3017 15.15      
17 E 3040 3017 15.15      
18 E 2988 2965 93.01      
18 E 2988 2965 93.01      
19 E 1490 1478 0.67      
19 E 1490 1478 0.67      
20 E 1271 1261 0.49      
20 E 1271 1261 0.49      
21 E 1227 1217 0.43      
21 E 1227 1217 0.43      
22 E 884 877 2.74      
22 E 884 877 2.74      
23 E 752 746 0.20      
23 E 752 746 0.20      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23848.7 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9924) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23667.4 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at BLYP/6-31G
ABC
0.34611 0.34611 0.20289

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at BLYP/6-31G

Point Group is D2d

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 1.105 0.106
C2 0.000 -1.105 0.106
C3 -1.105 0.000 -0.106
C4 1.105 0.000 -0.106
H5 0.000 1.500 1.136
H6 0.000 1.956 -0.593
H7 0.000 -1.500 1.136
H8 0.000 -1.956 -0.593
H9 -1.500 0.000 -1.136
H10 -1.956 0.000 0.593
H11 1.500 0.000 -1.136
H12 1.956 0.000 0.593

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C12.20961.57681.57681.10291.10182.80093.13992.23922.29872.23922.2987
C22.20961.57681.57682.80093.13991.10291.10182.23922.29872.23922.2987
C31.57681.57682.20962.23922.29872.23922.29871.10291.10182.80093.1399
C41.57681.57682.20962.23922.29872.23922.29872.80093.13991.10291.1018
H51.10292.80092.23922.23921.78822.99993.86453.10842.52423.10842.5242
H61.10183.13992.29872.29871.78823.86453.91252.52423.01002.52423.0100
H72.80091.10292.23922.23922.99993.86451.78823.10842.52423.10842.5242
H83.13991.10182.29872.29873.86453.91251.78822.52423.01002.52423.0100
H92.23922.23921.10292.80093.10842.52423.10842.52421.78822.99993.8645
H102.29872.29871.10183.13992.52423.01002.52423.01001.78823.86453.9125
H112.23922.23922.80091.10293.10842.52423.10842.52422.99993.86451.7882
H122.29872.29873.13991.10182.52423.01002.52423.01003.86453.91251.7882

picture of cyclobutane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C3 C2 88.957 C1 C3 H9 112.144
C1 C3 H10 117.119 C1 C4 C2 88.957
C1 C4 H11 112.144 C1 C4 H12 117.119
C2 C3 H9 112.144 C2 C3 H10 117.119
C2 C4 H11 112.144 C2 C4 H12 117.119
C3 C1 C4 88.957 C3 C1 H5 112.144
C3 C1 H6 117.119 C3 C2 C4 88.957
C3 C2 H7 112.144 C3 C2 H8 117.119
C4 C1 H5 112.144 C4 C1 H6 117.119
C4 C2 H7 112.144 C4 C2 H8 117.119
H5 C1 H6 108.403 H7 C2 H8 108.403
H9 C3 H10 108.403 H11 C4 H12 108.403
Electronic energy levels

Electronic state

Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at BLYP/6-31G Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.220      
2 C -0.220      
3 C -0.220      
4 C -0.220      
5 H 0.113      
6 H 0.107      
7 H 0.113      
8 H 0.107      
9 H 0.113      
10 H 0.107      
11 H 0.113      
12 H 0.107      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.103 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -27.103 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -25.913
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.595 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -0.595 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.190
Polar
3z2-r22.380
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 6.186 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 6.186 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 5.831


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 77.122
(<r2>)1/2 8.782