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All results from a given calculation for C4H8 (cyclobutane)

using model chemistry: B3PW91/6-31G

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes D2D 1A1
Energy calculated at B3PW91/6-31G
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.121294
Energy at 298.15K-157.130413
HF Energy-157.121294
Nuclear repulsion energy126.396055
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3PW91/6-31G
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A1 3128 2995 0.00      
2 A1 3090 2959 0.00      
3 A1 1554 1489 0.00      
4 A1 1202 1151 0.00      
5 A1 1029 985 0.00      
6 A1 164 157 0.00      
7 A2 1304 1249 0.00      
8 A2 994 952 0.00      
9 B1 1281 1227 0.00      
10 B1 1194 1144 0.00      
11 B1 975 933 0.00      
12 B2 3161 3028 103.10      
13 B2 3079 2949 9.18      
14 B2 1530 1465 4.00      
15 B2 893 855 0.35      
16 B2 657 629 4.65      
17 E 3141 3008 15.77      
17 E 3141 3008 15.77      
18 E 3081 2950 78.61      
18 E 3081 2950 78.61      
19 E 1524 1460 3.04      
19 E 1524 1460 3.04      
20 E 1315 1260 2.96      
20 E 1315 1260 2.96      
21 E 1268 1215 0.66      
21 E 1268 1215 0.66      
22 E 934 895 4.44      
22 E 934 895 4.44      
23 E 778 745 0.37      
23 E 778 745 0.37      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24659.6 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9577) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23616.5 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3PW91/6-31G
ABC
0.35394 0.35394 0.20834

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3PW91/6-31G

Point Group is D2d

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 1.090 0.113
C2 0.000 -1.090 0.113
C3 -1.090 0.000 -0.113
C4 1.090 0.000 -0.113
H5 0.000 1.460 1.144
H6 0.000 1.949 -0.563
H7 0.000 -1.460 1.144
H8 0.000 -1.949 -0.563
H9 -1.460 0.000 -1.144
H10 -1.949 0.000 0.563
H11 1.460 0.000 -1.144
H12 1.949 0.000 0.563

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C12.17961.55771.55771.09541.09392.75003.11362.21332.27832.21332.2783
C22.17961.55771.55772.75003.11361.09541.09392.21332.27832.21332.2783
C31.55771.55772.17962.21332.27832.21332.27831.09541.09392.75003.1136
C41.55771.55772.17962.21332.27832.21332.27832.75003.11361.09541.0939
H51.09542.75002.21332.21331.77652.91913.81283.08182.50363.08182.5036
H61.09393.11362.27832.27831.77653.81283.89882.50362.97832.50362.9783
H72.75001.09542.21332.21332.91913.81281.77653.08182.50363.08182.5036
H83.11361.09392.27832.27833.81283.89881.77652.50362.97832.50362.9783
H92.21332.21331.09542.75003.08182.50363.08182.50361.77652.91913.8128
H102.27832.27831.09393.11362.50362.97832.50362.97831.77653.81283.8988
H112.21332.21332.75001.09543.08182.50363.08182.50362.91913.81281.7765
H122.27832.27833.11361.09392.50362.97832.50362.97833.81283.89881.7765

picture of cyclobutane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C3 C2 88.792 C1 C3 H9 111.890
C1 C3 H10 117.386 C1 C4 C2 88.792
C1 C4 H11 111.890 C1 C4 H12 117.386
C2 C3 H9 111.890 C2 C3 H10 117.386
C2 C4 H11 111.890 C2 C4 H12 117.386
C3 C1 C4 88.792 C3 C1 H5 111.890
C3 C1 H6 117.386 C3 C2 C4 88.792
C3 C2 H7 111.890 C3 C2 H8 117.386
C4 C1 H5 111.890 C4 C1 H6 117.386
C4 C2 H7 111.890 C4 C2 H8 117.386
H5 C1 H6 108.474 H7 C2 H8 108.474
H9 C3 H10 108.474 H11 C4 H12 108.474
Electronic energy levels

Electronic state

Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3PW91/6-31G Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.314      
2 C -0.314      
3 C -0.314      
4 C -0.314      
5 H 0.160      
6 H 0.154      
7 H 0.160      
8 H 0.154      
9 H 0.160      
10 H 0.154      
11 H 0.160      
12 H 0.154      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -26.803 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -26.803 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -25.533
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.635 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -0.635 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.271
Polar
3z2-r22.541
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 6.034 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 6.034 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 5.713


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 75.515
(<r2>)1/2 8.690