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All results from a given calculation for C4H8 (cyclobutane)

using model chemistry: PBE1PBE/6-31G

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes D2D 1A1
Energy calculated at PBE1PBE/6-31G
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-156.976821
Energy at 298.15K-156.985977
HF Energy-156.976821
Nuclear repulsion energy126.639007
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at PBE1PBE/6-31G
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A1 3146 3007 0.00      
2 A1 3105 2968 0.00      
3 A1 1558 1489 0.00      
4 A1 1207 1154 0.00      
5 A1 1041 995 0.00      
6 A1 177 169 0.00      
7 A2 1309 1252 0.00      
8 A2 997 953 0.00      
9 B1 1287 1230 0.00      
10 B1 1197 1145 0.00      
11 B1 986 942 0.00      
12 B2 3178 3038 91.36      
13 B2 3095 2958 9.84      
14 B2 1533 1465 4.73      
15 B2 902 862 0.30      
16 B2 657 628 4.66      
17 E 3159 3020 16.23      
17 E 3159 3020 16.23      
18 E 3096 2960 70.42      
18 E 3096 2960 70.42      
19 E 1526 1459 3.85      
19 E 1526 1459 3.85      
20 E 1322 1263 3.63      
20 E 1322 1263 3.63      
21 E 1274 1218 0.71      
21 E 1274 1218 0.71      
22 E 944 903 4.79      
22 E 944 903 4.79      
23 E 782 747 0.42      
23 E 782 747 0.42      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24790.0 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9559) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23696.7 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at PBE1PBE/6-31G
ABC
0.35525 0.35525 0.20959

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at PBE1PBE/6-31G

Point Group is D2d

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 1.086 0.118
C2 0.000 -1.086 0.118
C3 -1.086 0.000 -0.118
C4 1.086 0.000 -0.118
H5 0.000 1.443 1.153
H6 0.000 1.953 -0.549
H7 0.000 -1.443 1.153
H8 0.000 -1.953 -0.549
H9 -1.443 0.000 -1.153
H10 -1.953 0.000 0.549
H11 1.443 0.000 -1.153
H12 1.953 0.000 0.549

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C12.17281.55431.55431.09511.09342.73323.11192.20852.27632.20852.2763
C22.17281.55431.55432.73323.11191.09511.09342.20852.27632.20852.2763
C31.55431.55432.17282.20852.27632.20852.27631.09511.09342.73323.1119
C41.55431.55432.17282.20852.27632.20852.27632.73323.11191.09511.0934
H51.09512.73322.20852.20851.77652.88623.79883.07942.50273.07942.5027
H61.09343.11192.27632.27631.77653.79883.90662.50272.97242.50272.9724
H72.73321.09512.20852.20852.88623.79881.77653.07942.50273.07942.5027
H83.11191.09342.27632.27633.79883.90661.77652.50272.97242.50272.9724
H92.20852.20851.09512.73323.07942.50273.07942.50271.77652.88623.7988
H102.27632.27631.09343.11192.50272.97242.50272.97241.77653.79883.9066
H112.20852.20852.73321.09513.07942.50273.07942.50272.88623.79881.7765
H122.27632.27633.11191.09342.50272.97242.50272.97243.79883.90661.7765

picture of cyclobutane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C3 C2 88.687 C1 C3 H9 111.763
C1 C3 H10 117.513 C1 C4 C2 88.687
C1 C4 H11 111.763 C1 C4 H12 117.513
C2 C3 H9 111.763 C2 C3 H10 117.513
C2 C4 H11 111.763 C2 C4 H12 117.513
C3 C1 C4 88.687 C3 C1 H5 111.763
C3 C1 H6 117.513 C3 C2 C4 88.687
C3 C2 H7 111.763 C3 C2 H8 117.513
C4 C1 H5 111.763 C4 C1 H6 117.513
C4 C2 H7 111.763 C4 C2 H8 117.513
H5 C1 H6 108.535 H7 C2 H8 108.535
H9 C3 H10 108.535 H11 C4 H12 108.535
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at PBE1PBE/6-31G Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.327      
2 C -0.327      
3 C -0.327      
4 C -0.327      
5 H 0.167      
6 H 0.161      
7 H 0.167      
8 H 0.161      
9 H 0.167      
10 H 0.161      
11 H 0.167      
12 H 0.161      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -26.871 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -26.871 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -25.590
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.640 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -0.640 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.281
Polar
3z2-r22.561
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 6.004 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 6.004 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 5.691


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 75.289
(<r2>)1/2 8.677