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All results from a given calculation for C4H8Cl2 (Butane, 2,3-dichloro-, (r*,s*)-)

using model chemistry: B3PW91/6-31G

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes CI 1Ag
Energy calculated at B3PW91/6-31G
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-1077.422461
Energy at 298.15K-1077.431395
Nuclear repulsion energy361.944408
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3PW91/6-31G
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 Ag 3176 3042 0.00      
2 Ag 3169 3035 0.00      
3 Ag 3143 3010 0.00      
4 Ag 3077 2947 0.00      
5 Ag 1533 1469 0.00      
6 Ag 1532 1467 0.00      
7 Ag 1463 1401 0.00      
8 Ag 1424 1364 0.00      
9 Ag 1290 1235 0.00      
10 Ag 1215 1164 0.00      
11 Ag 1172 1122 0.00      
12 Ag 1054 1010 0.00      
13 Ag 869 832 0.00      
14 Ag 659 632 0.00      
15 Ag 484 464 0.00      
16 Ag 336 322 0.00      
17 Ag 271 260 0.00      
18 Ag 228 218 0.00      
19 Au 3179 3045 26.48      
20 Au 3172 3038 15.91      
21 Au 3155 3021 1.56      
22 Au 3076 2946 16.04      
23 Au 1535 1470 25.41      
24 Au 1528 1463 19.49      
25 Au 1464 1402 40.00      
26 Au 1356 1299 2.05      
27 Au 1233 1181 45.95      
28 Au 1122 1075 12.28      
29 Au 1057 1012 33.52      
30 Au 1013 970 24.73      
31 Au 603 577 101.83      
32 Au 353 338 4.69      
33 Au 329 316 4.02      
34 Au 242 232 4.33      
35 Au 199 191 5.25      
36 Au 67 64 4.96      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 25388.2 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9577) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24314.3 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3PW91/6-31G
ABC
0.12132 0.04484 0.03413

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3PW91/6-31G

Point Group is Ci

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
Cl1 -0.975 1.221 -1.614
Cl2 0.975 -1.221 1.614
C3 -1.879 -0.442 0.408
C4 1.879 0.442 -0.408
C5 -0.654 0.385 0.074
C6 0.654 -0.385 -0.074
H7 -2.775 0.183 0.398
H8 2.775 -0.183 -0.398
H9 1.771 0.878 -1.406
H10 -1.771 -0.878 1.406
H11 -2.015 -1.252 -0.314
H12 2.015 1.252 0.314
H13 0.524 -1.230 -0.754
H14 -0.524 1.230 0.754

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  Cl1 Cl2 C3 C4 C5 C6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13 H14
Cl14.49302.77023.19461.91162.75702.89294.18482.77443.76312.98183.55722.99872.4111
Cl24.49303.19462.77022.75701.91164.18482.89293.76312.77443.55722.98182.41112.9987
C32.77023.19463.94601.51512.57911.09264.73074.28411.09421.09444.24722.78372.1791
C43.19462.77023.94602.57911.51514.73071.09261.09424.28414.24721.09442.17912.7837
C51.91162.75701.51512.57911.52442.15543.50782.88322.14802.16392.81612.16351.0923
C62.75701.91162.57911.51511.52443.50782.15542.14802.88322.81612.16391.09232.1635
H72.89294.18481.09264.73072.15543.50785.61934.93981.77511.77424.90833.76982.5077
H84.18482.89294.73071.09263.50782.15545.61931.77514.93984.90831.77422.50773.7698
H92.77443.76314.28411.09422.88322.14804.93981.77514.85084.47861.77722.53363.1714
H103.76312.77441.09424.28412.14802.88321.77514.93984.85081.77724.47863.17142.5336
H112.98183.55721.09444.24722.16392.81611.77424.90834.47861.77724.78562.57673.0860
H123.55722.98184.24721.09442.81612.16394.90831.77421.77724.47864.78563.08602.5767
H132.99872.41112.78372.17912.16351.09233.76982.50772.53363.17142.57673.08603.0698
H142.41112.99872.17912.78371.09232.16352.50773.76983.17142.53363.08602.57673.0698

picture of Butane, 2,3-dichloro-, (r*,s*)- state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
Cl1 C5 C3 107.316 Cl1 C5 C6 106.169
Cl1 C5 H14 103.375 Cl2 C6 C4 107.316
Cl2 C6 C5 106.169 Cl2 C6 H13 103.375
C3 C5 C6 116.104 C3 C5 H14 112.372
C4 C6 C5 116.104 C4 C6 H13 112.372
C5 C3 H7 110.440 C5 C3 H10 109.768
C5 C3 H11 111.017 C5 C6 H13 110.451
C6 C4 H8 110.440 C6 C4 H9 109.768
C6 C4 H12 111.017 C6 C5 H14 110.451
H7 C3 H10 108.535 H7 C3 H11 108.433
H8 C4 H9 108.535 H8 C4 H12 108.433
H9 C4 H12 108.586 H10 C3 H11 108.586
Electronic energy levels

Electronic state

Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3PW91/6-31G Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 Cl -0.051      
2 Cl -0.051      
3 C -0.458      
4 C -0.458      
5 C -0.314      
6 C -0.314      
7 H 0.194      
8 H 0.194      
9 H 0.206      
10 H 0.206      
11 H 0.186      
12 H 0.186      
13 H 0.237      
14 H 0.237      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -49.850 2.849 -4.873
y 2.849 -53.611 4.822
z -4.873 4.822 -56.323
Traceless
 xyz
x 5.117 2.849 -4.873
y 2.849 -0.525 4.822
z -4.873 4.822 -4.592
Polar
3z2-r2-9.185
x2-y23.761
xy2.849
xz-4.873
yz4.822


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 0.000 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 0.000 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 0.000


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 302.258
(<r2>)1/2 17.386