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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: B2PLYP/6-31G

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B2PLYP/6-31G
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-305.978047
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-305.769153
Nuclear repulsion energy236.777509
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B2PLYP/6-31G
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
(Å4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3191 3191 23.32      
2 A 3171 3171 7.36      
3 A 3156 3156 13.44      
4 A 3106 3106 32.40      
5 A 3101 3101 19.25      
6 A 3089 3089 6.38      
7 A 1761 1761 280.50      
8 A 1578 1578 0.46      
9 A 1560 1560 5.55      
10 A 1534 1534 10.06      
11 A 1406 1406 3.88      
12 A 1390 1390 0.18      
13 A 1352 1352 2.90      
14 A 1277 1277 4.66      
15 A 1250 1250 2.16      
16 A 1203 1203 3.57      
17 A 1150 1150 152.14      
18 A 1129 1129 74.08      
19 A 1055 1055 15.66      
20 A 983 983 54.95      
21 A 942 942 8.75      
22 A 914 914 14.88      
23 A 881 881 36.89      
24 A 793 793 12.89      
25 A 669 669 3.13      
26 A 644 644 6.88      
27 A 529 529 4.46      
28 A 474 474 2.93      
29 A 195 195 4.03      
30 A 147 147 0.69      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21814.3 cm-1
Scaled (by 1) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21814.3 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B2PLYP/6-31G
ABC
0.23743 0.11491 0.08216

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B2PLYP/6-31G

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.901 -0.002 0.003
C2 -0.009 1.214 0.165
C3 -1.409 0.690 -0.212
C4 -1.322 -0.815 0.123
O5 0.114 -1.161 -0.042
O6 2.128 -0.042 -0.068
H7 0.348 2.033 -0.462
H8 0.038 1.547 1.208
H9 -1.589 0.828 -1.283
H10 -2.216 1.185 0.333
H11 -1.882 -1.458 -0.553
H12 -1.600 -1.031 1.158

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52732.42142.37001.40191.22992.15972.14462.92323.35193.19002.9410
C21.52731.54152.41662.38722.48941.09121.09692.17762.21403.34122.9257
C32.42141.54151.54442.40373.61512.22512.20131.09441.09242.22652.2089
C42.37002.41661.54441.48653.54113.35242.93342.17852.20001.08891.0933
O51.40192.38722.40371.48652.30483.23032.98432.89793.32782.08182.0965
O61.22992.48943.61513.54112.30482.76202.91974.00654.53204.28094.0479
H72.15971.09122.22513.35243.23032.76201.76702.42462.81544.14363.9761
H82.14461.09692.20132.93342.98432.91971.76703.06132.44483.97783.0553
H92.92322.17761.09442.17852.89794.00652.42463.06131.76992.41763.0684
H103.35192.21401.09242.20003.32784.53202.81542.44481.76992.80762.4434
H113.19003.34122.22651.08892.08184.28094.14363.97782.41762.80761.7861
H122.94102.92572.20891.09332.09654.04793.97613.05533.06842.44341.7861

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 104.188 C1 C2 H7 110.015
C1 C2 H8 108.508 C1 O5 C4 110.238
C2 C1 O5 109.095 C2 C1 O6 128.759
C2 C3 C4 103.092 C2 C3 H9 110.253
C2 C3 H10 113.295 C3 C2 H7 114.292
C3 C2 H8 111.986 C3 C4 O5 104.930
C3 C4 H11 114.347 C3 C4 H12 112.617
C4 C3 H9 110.127 C4 C3 H10 111.958
O5 C1 O6 122.141 O5 C4 H11 106.854
O5 C4 H12 107.737 H7 C2 H8 107.709
H9 C3 H10 108.069 H11 C4 H12 109.866
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B2PLYP/6-31G Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.551      
2 C -0.356      
3 C -0.315      
4 C -0.026      
5 O -0.504      
6 O -0.406      
7 H 0.192      
8 H 0.190      
9 H 0.170      
10 H 0.160      
11 H 0.177      
12 H 0.167      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.699 2.025 0.448 5.136
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -40.820 2.256 0.276
y 2.256 -36.311 -0.146
z 0.276 -0.146 -33.859
Traceless
 xyz
x -5.735 2.256 0.276
y 2.256 1.029 -0.146
z 0.276 -0.146 4.706
Polar
3z2-r29.413
x2-y2-4.509
xy2.256
xz0.276
yz-0.146


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.158 0.529 -0.141
y 0.529 6.119 0.043
z -0.141 0.043 5.054


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 144.326
(<r2>)1/2 12.014