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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: M06-2X/6-31G

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at M06-2X/6-31G
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.257749
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.257749
Nuclear repulsion energy238.741584
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at M06-2X/6-31G
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3201 3201 17.15      
2 A 3188 3188 4.83      
3 A 3182 3182 5.15      
4 A 3122 3122 28.39      
5 A 3118 3118 14.67      
6 A 3107 3107 2.59      
7 A 1855 1855 357.00      
8 A 1569 1569 1.23      
9 A 1545 1545 8.62      
10 A 1513 1513 13.50      
11 A 1413 1413 9.41      
12 A 1383 1383 0.49      
13 A 1345 1345 5.09      
14 A 1276 1276 11.48      
15 A 1248 1248 4.66      
16 A 1210 1210 7.29      
17 A 1196 1196 242.14      
18 A 1132 1132 7.72      
19 A 1080 1080 35.88      
20 A 1031 1031 45.35      
21 A 956 956 7.49      
22 A 922 922 7.97      
23 A 897 897 18.13      
24 A 821 821 8.70      
25 A 687 687 6.45      
26 A 649 649 6.32      
27 A 533 533 4.60      
28 A 490 490 3.96      
29 A 203 203 4.24      
30 A 148 148 0.75      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 22009.4 cm-1
Scaled (by 1) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 22009.4 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at M06-2X/6-31G
ABC
0.24080 0.11704 0.08370

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at M06-2X/6-31G

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.893 -0.005 0.003
C2 -0.009 1.207 0.167
C3 -1.400 0.684 -0.216
C4 -1.303 -0.814 0.127
O5 0.113 -1.145 -0.044
O6 2.107 -0.043 -0.069
H7 0.353 2.028 -0.452
H8 0.034 1.530 1.213
H9 -1.571 0.813 -1.288
H10 -2.211 1.176 0.321
H11 -1.871 -1.460 -0.539
H12 -1.577 -1.020 1.164

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52032.40422.34351.38221.21652.15202.13522.89953.33643.17022.9121
C21.52031.53452.40012.36512.46921.08961.09562.17022.20743.32852.9009
C32.40421.53451.53932.37953.58432.22122.19451.09301.09032.21852.2002
C42.34352.40011.53931.46423.50143.33922.90902.17282.19571.08781.0927
O51.38222.36512.37951.46422.27853.20762.95722.86633.30472.06852.0815
O61.21652.46923.58433.50142.27852.74052.90093.96774.50374.24874.0059
H72.15201.08962.22123.33923.20762.74051.76692.42332.81014.13713.9531
H82.13521.09562.19452.90902.95722.90091.76693.05682.44193.95483.0172
H92.89952.17021.09302.17282.86633.96772.42333.05681.76912.41253.0621
H103.33642.20741.09032.19573.30474.50372.81012.44191.76912.79342.4366
H113.17023.32852.21851.08782.06854.24874.13713.95482.41252.79341.7835
H122.91212.90092.20021.09272.08154.00593.95313.01723.06212.43661.7835

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.817 C1 C2 H7 109.990
C1 C2 H8 108.322 C1 O5 C4 110.807
C2 C1 O5 109.052 C2 C1 O6 128.565
C2 C3 C4 102.667 C2 C3 H9 110.238
C2 C3 H10 113.405 C3 C2 H7 114.591
C3 C2 H8 112.018 C3 C4 O5 104.765
C3 C4 H11 114.126 C3 C4 H12 112.317
C4 C3 H9 110.110 C4 C3 H10 112.099
O5 C1 O6 122.380 O5 C4 H11 107.376
O5 C4 H12 108.109 H7 C2 H8 107.913
H9 C3 H10 108.249 H11 C4 H12 109.748
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at M06-2X/6-31G Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.548      
2 C -0.386      
3 C -0.348      
4 C -0.051      
5 O -0.517      
6 O -0.409      
7 H 0.212      
8 H 0.209      
9 H 0.186      
10 H 0.179      
11 H 0.195      
12 H 0.182      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.781 2.077 0.477 5.234
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -40.770 2.281 0.294
y 2.281 -36.004 -0.152
z 0.294 -0.152 -33.590
Traceless
 xyz
x -5.973 2.281 0.294
y 2.281 1.176 -0.152
z 0.294 -0.152 4.797
Polar
3z2-r29.593
x2-y2-4.766
xy2.281
xz0.294
yz-0.152


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 7.906 0.492 -0.131
y 0.492 5.973 0.040
z -0.131 0.040 5.052


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 142.171
(<r2>)1/2 11.924