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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/6-31G

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B3LYP/6-31G
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.391462
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.391462
Nuclear repulsion energy237.329154
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/6-31G
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3168 3047 24.88      
2 A 3152 3032 7.25      
3 A 3137 3018 14.65      
4 A 3084 2967 34.80      
5 A 3083 2965 20.38      
6 A 3068 2952 6.25      
7 A 1796 1728 315.47      
8 A 1561 1502 0.51      
9 A 1543 1485 5.97      
10 A 1514 1456 10.91      
11 A 1397 1344 5.58      
12 A 1376 1323 0.19      
13 A 1337 1286 3.09      
14 A 1266 1218 4.68      
15 A 1239 1191 2.33      
16 A 1197 1152 3.08      
17 A 1146 1103 191.40      
18 A 1122 1079 39.07      
19 A 1047 1008 15.70      
20 A 985 948 57.70      
21 A 936 901 8.76      
22 A 908 874 12.71      
23 A 877 844 28.56      
24 A 797 766 9.08      
25 A 672 647 3.90      
26 A 643 618 7.24      
27 A 531 510 4.09      
28 A 477 458 3.08      
29 A 195 188 3.59      
30 A 147 141 0.97      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21698.8 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.962) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20874.3 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/6-31G
ABC
0.23838 0.11553 0.08254

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/6-31G

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.900 -0.002 0.003
C2 -0.010 1.213 0.161
C3 -1.410 0.688 -0.207
C4 -1.315 -0.818 0.121
O5 0.117 -1.155 -0.041
O6 2.121 -0.041 -0.067
H7 0.344 2.032 -0.468
H8 0.043 1.551 1.204
H9 -1.599 0.829 -1.277
H10 -2.216 1.177 0.345
H11 -1.874 -1.461 -0.558
H12 -1.596 -1.042 1.155

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52552.42002.36331.39491.22332.16012.14232.92813.34923.18412.9395
C21.52551.54052.41402.38002.48261.09181.09792.17742.21443.33782.9304
C32.42001.54051.54362.39933.60822.22582.20201.09511.09282.22582.2092
C42.36332.41401.54361.48013.52723.34962.93702.17882.20041.08981.0944
O51.39492.38002.39931.48012.29263.22372.97992.90023.32172.07962.0926
O61.22332.48263.60823.52722.29262.75952.91034.00754.52364.26774.0386
H72.16011.09182.22583.34963.22372.75951.76572.42462.81914.13883.9807
H82.14231.09792.20202.93702.97992.91031.76573.06132.44543.98123.0676
H92.92812.17741.09512.17882.90024.00752.42463.06131.76962.41613.0680
H103.34922.21441.09282.20043.32174.52362.81912.44541.76962.80942.4420
H113.18413.33782.22581.08982.07964.26774.13883.98122.41612.80941.7850
H122.93952.93042.20921.09442.09264.03863.98073.06763.06802.44201.7850

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 104.239 C1 C2 H7 110.138
C1 C2 H8 108.392 C1 O5 C4 110.542
C2 C1 O5 109.082 C2 C1 O6 128.810
C2 C3 C4 103.019 C2 C3 H9 110.263
C2 C3 H10 113.379 C3 C2 H7 114.385
C3 C2 H8 112.058 C3 C4 O5 105.007
C3 C4 H11 114.289 C3 C4 H12 112.628
C4 C3 H9 110.164 C4 C3 H10 112.020
O5 C1 O6 122.104 O5 C4 H11 107.057
O5 C4 H12 107.797 H7 C2 H8 107.490
H9 C3 H10 107.956 H11 C4 H12 109.614
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/6-31G Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.524      
2 C -0.342      
3 C -0.300      
4 C -0.031      
5 O -0.478      
6 O -0.399      
7 H 0.186      
8 H 0.186      
9 H 0.165      
10 H 0.154      
11 H 0.172      
12 H 0.164      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.709 1.979 0.440 5.127
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -40.601 2.219 0.288
y 2.219 -35.778 -0.132
z 0.288 -0.132 -33.495
Traceless
 xyz
x -5.965 2.219 0.288
y 2.219 1.269 -0.132
z 0.288 -0.132 4.695
Polar
3z2-r29.390
x2-y2-4.823
xy2.219
xz0.288
yz-0.132


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.098 0.512 -0.133
y 0.512 6.137 0.040
z -0.133 0.040 5.071


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 143.584
(<r2>)1/2 11.983