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All results from a given calculation for C4H8Cl2 (Butane, 1,3-dichloro-)

using model chemistry: B3PW91/6-31G(2df,p)

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B3PW91/6-31G(2df,p)
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-1077.509905
Energy at 298.15K-1077.518957
Nuclear repulsion energy349.858249
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3PW91/6-31G(2df,p)
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3169 3047 4.06      
2 A 3153 3031 12.14      
3 A 3132 3011 16.15      
4 A 3111 2991 8.37      
5 A 3095 2975 10.04      
6 A 3085 2966 3.79      
7 A 3054 2936 17.42      
8 A 3048 2931 4.11      
9 A 1489 1432 2.70      
10 A 1483 1426 4.31      
11 A 1479 1422 7.03      
12 A 1467 1410 0.95      
13 A 1404 1349 4.94      
14 A 1385 1332 9.38      
15 A 1334 1283 6.58      
16 A 1316 1265 10.20      
17 A 1275 1226 16.36      
18 A 1257 1208 22.60      
19 A 1174 1129 9.64      
20 A 1123 1080 5.02      
21 A 1117 1073 4.35      
22 A 1067 1026 1.43      
23 A 1029 990 17.40      
24 A 956 919 1.63      
25 A 915 880 6.19      
26 A 779 749 15.82      
27 A 765 735 28.68      
28 A 633 609 27.86      
29 A 435 418 2.60      
30 A 408 393 5.26      
31 A 336 323 3.50      
32 A 251 242 0.33      
33 A 242 232 0.17      
34 A 149 144 2.08      
35 A 117 113 1.26      
36 A 77 74 3.39      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 25155.5 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9614) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24184.5 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3PW91/6-31G(2df,p)
ABC
0.14846 0.03160 0.02716

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3PW91/6-31G(2df,p)

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 -2.179 1.510 -0.102
H2 -2.213 1.539 -1.195
H3 -3.189 1.325 0.270
H4 -1.850 2.491 0.261
C5 -1.217 0.440 0.380
H6 -1.221 0.392 1.473
Cl7 -1.835 -1.189 -0.136
C8 0.203 0.649 -0.133
H9 0.512 1.662 0.154
H10 0.207 0.609 -1.228
C11 1.202 -0.350 0.424
H12 1.234 -0.324 1.515
H13 0.979 -1.367 0.100
Cl14 2.864 0.023 -0.144

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 H2 H3 H4 C5 H6 Cl7 C8 H9 H10 C11 H12 H13 Cl14
C11.09361.09221.09581.51792.15682.72142.53352.70772.78853.89474.19904.27755.2582
H21.09361.77361.77602.16353.06912.95062.78493.04272.59314.22474.76424.50705.4016
H31.09221.77361.77522.16442.48862.88463.48253.71833.78074.70204.88214.96536.2054
H41.09581.77601.77522.14942.50453.70092.78622.50573.16044.17264.36004.78685.3364
C51.51792.16352.16442.14941.09401.81711.52472.12942.15502.54492.80712.85824.1356
H62.15683.06912.48862.50451.09402.33802.16212.52143.06302.74222.55743.13374.4084
Cl72.72142.95062.88463.70091.81712.33802.74413.70372.93163.19943.59062.82964.8520
C82.53352.78493.48252.78621.52472.16212.74411.09711.09501.51842.17432.17282.7335
H92.70773.04273.71832.50572.12942.52143.70371.09711.76312.14402.51383.06512.8822
H102.78852.59313.78073.16042.15503.06302.93161.09501.76312.15303.07382.50262.9283
C113.89474.22474.70204.17262.54492.74223.19941.51842.14402.15301.09231.09001.7954
H124.19904.76424.88214.36002.80712.55743.59062.17432.51383.07381.09231.77642.3512
H134.27754.50704.96534.78682.85823.13372.82962.17283.06512.50261.09001.77642.3537
Cl145.25825.40166.20545.33644.13564.40844.85202.73352.88222.92831.79542.35122.3537

picture of Butane, 1,3-dichloro- state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C5 H6 110.278 C1 C5 Cl7 109.045
C1 C5 C8 112.751 H2 C1 H3 108.471
H2 C1 H4 108.426 H2 C1 C5 110.834
H3 C1 H4 108.458 H3 C1 C5 110.988
H4 C1 C5 109.590 C5 C8 H9 107.499
C5 C8 H10 109.603 C5 C8 C11 113.500
H6 C5 Cl7 104.088 H6 C5 C8 110.228
Cl7 C5 C8 110.093 C8 C11 H12 111.742
C8 C11 H13 111.764 C8 C11 Cl14 110.874
H9 C8 H10 107.085 H9 C8 C11 109.047
H10 C8 C11 109.881 H12 C11 H13 108.981
H12 C11 Cl14 106.463 H13 C11 Cl14 106.754
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3PW91/6-31G(2df,p) Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.448      
2 H 0.163      
3 H 0.165      
4 H 0.152      
5 C -0.053      
6 H 0.160      
7 Cl -0.184      
8 C -0.223      
9 H 0.155      
10 H 0.163      
11 C -0.251      
12 H 0.172      
13 H 0.197      
14 Cl -0.169      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -1.382 1.713 1.003 2.418
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -58.518 -3.683 0.062
y -3.683 -50.298 0.075
z 0.062 0.075 -49.515
Traceless
 xyz
x -8.611 -3.683 0.062
y -3.683 3.718 0.075
z 0.062 0.075 4.893
Polar
3z2-r29.786
x2-y2-8.220
xy-3.683
xz0.062
yz0.075


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 12.116 0.309 -0.194
y 0.309 9.897 0.140
z -0.194 0.140 8.033


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 366.760
(<r2>)1/2 19.151