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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: B3PW91/STO-3G

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B3PW91/STO-3G
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-302.451230
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-302.451230
Nuclear repulsion energy234.092851
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3PW91/STO-3G
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3500 3097 0.10      
2 A 3484 3083 0.34      
3 A 3425 3031 2.03      
4 A 3384 2995 0.19      
5 A 3369 2982 1.73      
6 A 3309 2928 7.84      
7 A 1917 1696 109.58      
8 A 1669 1477 0.99      
9 A 1657 1467 1.71      
10 A 1639 1451 2.92      
11 A 1476 1306 3.69      
12 A 1458 1291 0.50      
13 A 1408 1246 2.18      
14 A 1338 1184 1.74      
15 A 1310 1159 6.43      
16 A 1251 1107 59.94      
17 A 1240 1098 89.60      
18 A 1163 1029 9.84      
19 A 1140 1009 3.26      
20 A 1089 963 19.30      
21 A 1008 892 1.23      
22 A 951 842 1.02      
23 A 905 801 6.00      
24 A 825 730 4.58      
25 A 690 610 1.58      
26 A 641 567 3.13      
27 A 519 459 1.34      
28 A 467 414 3.86      
29 A 175 155 1.38      
30 A 132 117 0.37      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23269.5 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.885) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20593.5 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3PW91/STO-3G
ABC
0.22798 0.11365 0.08025

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3PW91/STO-3G

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.907 0.018 0.008
C2 -0.056 1.252 0.143
C3 -1.447 0.670 -0.195
C4 -1.276 -0.849 0.122
O5 0.147 -1.194 -0.053
O6 2.148 -0.005 -0.055
H7 0.258 2.060 -0.535
H8 -0.012 1.630 1.178
H9 -1.677 0.811 -1.262
H10 -2.257 1.115 0.401
H11 -1.869 -1.495 -0.556
H12 -1.578 -1.072 1.168

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.57112.45062.35181.43231.24292.20982.19392.98603.37223.21162.9516
C21.57111.54482.42952.46262.54521.10071.10302.18972.22043.36452.9608
C32.45061.54481.56092.45693.66032.22582.20611.10091.10042.23482.2153
C42.35182.42951.56091.47503.53123.35352.97692.19802.21341.10821.1117
O51.43232.46262.45691.47502.32793.29153.08562.96833.36492.09992.1176
O61.24292.54523.66033.53122.32792.83982.97654.09294.56844.31404.0647
H72.20981.10072.22583.35353.29152.83981.78712.41472.84554.14254.0099
H82.19391.10302.20612.97693.08562.97651.78713.06572.43144.02793.1233
H92.98602.18971.10092.19802.96834.09292.41473.06571.78792.41913.0757
H103.37222.22041.10042.21343.36494.56842.84552.43141.78792.80692.4147
H113.21163.36452.23481.10822.09994.31404.14254.02792.41912.80691.7989
H122.95162.96082.21531.11172.11764.06474.00993.12333.07572.41471.7989

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.718 C1 C2 H7 110.363
C1 C2 H8 108.999 C1 O5 C4 107.973
C2 C1 O5 110.074 C2 C1 O6 129.134
C2 C3 C4 102.939 C2 C3 H9 110.597
C2 C3 H10 113.084 C3 C2 H7 113.502
C3 C2 H8 111.768 C3 C4 O5 108.019
C3 C4 H11 112.611 C3 C4 H12 110.851
C4 C3 H9 110.135 C4 C3 H10 111.378
O5 C1 O6 120.790 O5 C4 H11 107.918
O5 C4 H12 109.092 H7 C2 H8 108.371
H9 C3 H10 108.626 H11 C4 H12 108.260
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3PW91/STO-3G Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.208      
2 C -0.169      
3 C -0.150      
4 C -0.055      
5 O -0.169      
6 O -0.202      
7 H 0.096      
8 H 0.093      
9 H 0.087      
10 H 0.088      
11 H 0.091      
12 H 0.084      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -2.934 1.110 0.255 3.147
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -35.875 1.109 0.082
y 1.109 -32.874 -0.108
z 0.082 -0.108 -30.997
Traceless
 xyz
x -3.939 1.109 0.082
y 1.109 0.562 -0.108
z 0.082 -0.108 3.377
Polar
3z2-r26.754
x2-y2-3.001
xy1.109
xz0.082
yz-0.108


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 5.218 0.456 -0.114
y 0.456 3.598 0.036
z -0.114 0.036 2.671


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 144.709
(<r2>)1/2 12.029