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All results from a given calculation for C4H8Cl2 (Butane, 2,3-dichloro-, (r*,s*)-)

using model chemistry: mPW1PW91/6-31+G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes CI 1Ag
Energy calculated at mPW1PW91/6-31+G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-1077.643270
Energy at 298.15K-1077.652326
Nuclear repulsion energy369.112070
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at mPW1PW91/6-31+G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 Ag 3183 3029 0.00      
2 Ag 3174 3021 0.00      
3 Ag 3125 2974 0.00      
4 Ag 3086 2937 0.00      
5 Ag 1501 1429 0.00      
6 Ag 1499 1427 0.00      
7 Ag 1426 1357 0.00      
8 Ag 1399 1332 0.00      
9 Ag 1295 1233 0.00      
10 Ag 1190 1133 0.00      
11 Ag 1154 1099 0.00      
12 Ag 1041 991 0.00      
13 Ag 864 823 0.00      
14 Ag 715 681 0.00      
15 Ag 483 460 0.00      
16 Ag 349 332 0.00      
17 Ag 286 272 0.00      
18 Ag 235 223 0.00      
19 Au 3183 3030 13.87      
20 Au 3175 3022 24.73      
21 Au 3139 2988 5.90      
22 Au 3085 2937 20.26      
23 Au 1502 1430 23.04      
24 Au 1495 1423 11.49      
25 Au 1424 1356 28.47      
26 Au 1325 1261 3.73      
27 Au 1241 1181 37.63      
28 Au 1106 1053 9.12      
29 Au 1032 982 37.85      
30 Au 986 938 16.10      
31 Au 671 639 83.49      
32 Au 362 344 3.34      
33 Au 337 321 2.79      
34 Au 249 237 3.18      
35 Au 205 195 3.16      
36 Au 68 64 3.34      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 25295.1 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9518) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24075.8 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at mPW1PW91/6-31+G**
ABC
0.12303 0.04747 0.03575

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at mPW1PW91/6-31+G**

Point Group is Ci

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
Cl1 -0.953 1.186 -1.556
Cl2 0.953 -1.186 1.556
C3 -1.873 -0.438 0.405
C4 1.873 0.438 -0.405
C5 -0.655 0.392 0.051
C6 0.655 -0.392 -0.051
H7 -2.769 0.184 0.394
H8 2.769 -0.184 -0.394
H9 1.758 0.867 -1.402
H10 -1.758 -0.867 1.402
H11 -2.010 -1.251 -0.313
H12 2.010 1.251 0.313
H13 0.525 -1.217 -0.756
H14 -0.525 1.217 0.756

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  Cl1 Cl2 C3 C4 C5 C6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13 H14
Cl14.35282.70753.14211.81732.70972.84694.13302.73443.68962.93303.50352.93202.3522
Cl24.35283.14212.70752.70971.81734.13302.84693.68962.73443.50352.93302.35222.9320
C32.70753.14213.93191.51612.56961.09094.71734.26091.09131.09284.23552.77612.1632
C43.14212.70753.93192.56961.51614.71731.09091.09134.26094.23551.09282.16322.7761
C51.81732.70971.51612.56961.53072.15153.50082.85692.15092.16062.81202.15271.0925
C62.70971.81732.56961.51611.53073.50082.15152.15092.85692.81202.16061.09252.1527
H72.84694.13301.09094.71732.15153.50085.60594.91811.77251.77114.89703.76002.4964
H84.13302.84694.71731.09093.50082.15155.60591.77254.91814.89701.77112.49643.7600
H92.73443.68964.26091.09132.85692.15094.91811.77254.82014.45751.77512.50553.1615
H103.68962.73441.09134.26092.15092.85691.77254.91814.82011.77514.45753.16152.5055
H112.93303.50351.09284.23552.16062.81201.77114.89704.45751.77514.77572.57363.0719
H123.50352.93304.23551.09282.81202.16064.89701.77111.77514.45754.77573.07192.5736
H132.93202.35222.77612.16322.15271.09253.76002.49642.50553.16152.57363.07193.0516
H142.35222.93202.16322.77611.09252.15272.49643.76003.16152.50553.07192.57363.0516

picture of Butane, 2,3-dichloro-, (r*,s*)- state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
Cl1 C5 C3 108.290 Cl1 C5 C6 107.754
Cl1 C5 H14 105.132 Cl2 C6 C4 108.290
Cl2 C6 C5 107.754 Cl2 C6 H13 105.132
C3 C5 C6 114.994 C3 C5 H14 111.001
C4 C6 C5 114.994 C4 C6 H13 111.001
C5 C3 H7 110.168 C5 C3 H10 110.093
C5 C3 H11 110.775 C5 C6 H13 109.153
C6 C4 H8 110.168 C6 C4 H9 110.093
C6 C4 H12 110.775 C6 C5 H14 109.153
H7 C3 H10 108.632 H7 C3 H11 108.396
H8 C4 H9 108.632 H8 C4 H12 108.396
H9 C4 H12 108.721 H10 C3 H11 108.721
Electronic energy levels

Electronic state

Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at mPW1PW91/6-31+G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 Cl -0.079      
2 Cl -0.079      
3 C -0.669      
4 C -0.669      
5 C -0.049      
6 C -0.049      
7 H 0.190      
8 H 0.190      
9 H 0.195      
10 H 0.195      
11 H 0.184      
12 H 0.184      
13 H 0.228      
14 H 0.228      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -50.603 2.105 -3.830
y 2.105 -53.452 3.647
z -3.830 3.647 -55.148
Traceless
 xyz
x 3.697 2.105 -3.830
y 2.105 -0.576 3.647
z -3.830 3.647 -3.120
Polar
3z2-r2-6.241
x2-y22.849
xy2.105
xz-3.830
yz3.647


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 0.000 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 0.000 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 0.000


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 290.991
(<r2>)1/2 17.058