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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: B2PLYP/TZVP

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at B2PLYP/TZVP
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.315091
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-305.996157
Nuclear repulsion energy240.786150
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B2PLYP/TZVP
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3165 3021 11.21      
2 A 3159 3015 20.65      
3 A 3145 3001 14.85      
4 A 3092 2951 21.26      
5 A 3081 2941 5.66      
6 A 3075 2935 37.97      
7 A 1843 1759 391.07      
8 A 1545 1475 0.54      
9 A 1517 1448 7.09      
10 A 1485 1417 8.13      
11 A 1415 1350 12.04      
12 A 1364 1302 0.69      
13 A 1324 1264 7.86      
14 A 1277 1219 9.62      
15 A 1231 1175 7.64      
16 A 1213 1158 3.56      
17 A 1169 1116 221.00      
18 A 1109 1059 12.18      
19 A 1063 1014 71.98      
20 A 1016 970 26.80      
21 A 946 902 4.91      
22 A 907 866 10.85      
23 A 884 844 25.73      
24 A 808 771 5.87      
25 A 683 652 4.24      
26 A 642 613 4.47      
27 A 533 509 3.80      
28 A 493 470 2.84      
29 A 214 205 2.75      
30 A 151 144 0.61      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21774.6 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9544) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20781.7 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B2PLYP/TZVP
ABC
0.24363 0.11944 0.08540

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B2PLYP/TZVP

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.886 -0.002 0.004
C2 -0.027 1.203 0.174
C3 -1.398 0.667 -0.229
C4 -1.270 -0.813 0.136
O5 0.125 -1.135 -0.050
O6 2.082 -0.028 -0.072
H7 0.338 2.036 -0.421
H8 0.005 1.499 1.225
H9 -1.546 0.775 -1.303
H10 -2.229 1.147 0.284
H11 -1.847 -1.481 -0.499
H12 -1.529 -0.998 1.180

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52152.39122.30781.36571.19902.15242.12582.86863.33173.14752.8648
C21.52151.52592.36912.35362.45481.08651.09232.16162.20483.31122.8483
C32.39121.52591.52962.36593.55242.21922.18471.09001.08802.21022.1851
C42.30782.36911.52961.44433.44993.31882.85622.16092.18711.08641.0916
O51.36572.35362.36591.44432.24873.19922.92852.83043.29542.05162.0660
O61.19902.45483.55243.44992.24872.72442.88573.91524.48244.21073.9433
H72.15241.08652.21923.31883.19922.72441.76292.43302.80614.14043.9055
H82.12581.09232.18472.85622.92852.88571.76293.05312.44893.90842.9306
H92.86862.16161.09002.16092.83043.91522.43303.05311.76732.41313.0515
H103.33172.20481.08802.18713.29544.48242.80612.44891.76732.76842.4281
H113.14753.31122.21021.08642.05164.21074.14043.90842.41312.76841.7759
H122.86482.84832.18511.09162.06603.94333.90552.93063.05152.42811.7759

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.377 C1 C2 H7 110.121
C1 C2 H8 107.706 C1 O5 C4 110.397
C2 C1 O5 109.088 C2 C1 O6 128.535
C2 C3 C4 101.675 C2 C3 H9 110.338
C2 C3 H10 113.969 C3 C2 H7 115.282
C3 C2 H8 112.049 C3 C4 O5 105.379
C3 C4 H11 114.248 C3 C4 H12 111.856
C4 C3 H9 110.018 C4 C3 H10 112.242
O5 C1 O6 122.376 O5 C4 H11 107.484
O5 C4 H12 108.314 H7 C2 H8 108.017
H9 C3 H10 108.467 H11 C4 H12 109.249
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B2PLYP/TZVP Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.184      
2 C -0.221      
3 C -0.273      
4 C -0.090      
5 O -0.171      
6 O -0.276      
7 H 0.159      
8 H 0.150      
9 H 0.141      
10 H 0.139      
11 H 0.135      
12 H 0.123      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.489 1.652 0.436 4.803
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -41.118 1.880 0.274
y 1.880 -35.985 -0.144
z 0.274 -0.144 -33.969
Traceless
 xyz
x -6.141 1.880 0.274
y 1.880 1.559 -0.144
z 0.274 -0.144 4.582
Polar
3z2-r29.165
x2-y2-5.133
xy1.880
xz0.274
yz-0.144


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.768 0.426 -0.100
y 0.426 7.109 0.027
z -0.100 0.027 5.896


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 140.174
(<r2>)1/2 11.840