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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: HSEh1PBE/6-311G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at HSEh1PBE/6-311G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.247575
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.247575
Nuclear repulsion energy241.719702
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at HSEh1PBE/6-311G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3159 3031 11.60      
2 A 3149 3022 31.56      
3 A 3138 3011 17.64      
4 A 3083 2958 25.86      
5 A 3072 2948 7.13      
6 A 3063 2939 45.32      
7 A 1907 1830 419.69      
8 A 1540 1478 1.17      
9 A 1509 1448 9.51      
10 A 1475 1415 10.73      
11 A 1412 1355 18.38      
12 A 1356 1302 1.30      
13 A 1318 1265 13.11      
14 A 1278 1226 9.89      
15 A 1235 1185 22.48      
16 A 1212 1163 2.02      
17 A 1190 1142 214.26      
18 A 1108 1064 23.79      
19 A 1093 1049 65.46      
20 A 1025 983 17.33      
21 A 956 918 3.38      
22 A 907 871 10.16      
23 A 890 854 14.45      
24 A 820 787 4.52      
25 A 692 664 5.06      
26 A 644 618 4.56      
27 A 535 513 2.78      
28 A 496 476 3.61      
29 A 215 206 2.36      
30 A 154 147 0.72      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21814.8 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9596) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20933.4 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at HSEh1PBE/6-311G*
ABC
0.24529 0.12050 0.08614

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at HSEh1PBE/6-311G*

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.883 -0.002 0.003
C2 -0.029 1.199 0.174
C3 -1.395 0.663 -0.227
C4 -1.258 -0.814 0.133
O5 0.126 -1.127 -0.047
O6 2.073 -0.027 -0.073
H7 0.338 2.039 -0.414
H8 0.004 1.495 1.228
H9 -1.545 0.774 -1.305
H10 -2.232 1.142 0.282
H11 -1.835 -1.485 -0.503
H12 -1.523 -1.006 1.179

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.51772.38422.29361.35671.19222.15362.12542.86523.33063.13712.8599
C21.51771.52072.35832.34092.44561.08951.09592.15942.20643.30442.8460
C32.38421.52071.52622.35523.53872.22072.18341.09361.09122.20962.1856
C42.29362.35831.52621.43013.42873.31462.85022.16172.19011.09001.0954
O51.35672.34092.35521.43012.23633.19412.91832.82623.28872.04442.0581
O61.19222.44563.53873.42872.23632.71912.87963.90464.47494.19263.9312
H72.15361.08952.22073.31463.19412.71911.76202.43682.81004.14083.9078
H82.12541.09592.18342.85022.91832.87961.76203.05512.45343.90642.9306
H92.86522.15941.09362.16172.82623.90462.43683.05511.76802.41473.0556
H103.33062.20641.09122.19013.28874.47492.81002.45341.76802.77052.4328
H113.13713.30442.20961.09002.04444.19264.14083.90642.41472.77051.7766
H122.85992.84602.18561.09542.05813.93123.90782.93063.05562.43281.7766

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.381 C1 C2 H7 110.305
C1 C2 H8 107.727 C1 O5 C4 110.748
C2 C1 O5 108.921 C2 C1 O6 128.564
C2 C3 C4 101.430 C2 C3 H9 110.316
C2 C3 H10 114.289 C3 C2 H7 115.608
C3 C2 H8 112.094 C3 C4 O5 105.577
C3 C4 H11 114.222 C3 C4 H12 111.909
C4 C3 H9 110.112 C4 C3 H10 112.537
O5 C1 O6 122.514 O5 C4 H11 107.668
O5 C4 H12 108.427 H7 C2 H8 107.462
H9 C3 H10 108.049 H11 C4 H12 108.772
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at HSEh1PBE/6-311G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.439      
2 C -0.591      
3 C -0.504      
4 C -0.229      
5 O -0.279      
6 O -0.321      
7 H 0.267      
8 H 0.262      
9 H 0.247      
10 H 0.243      
11 H 0.239      
12 H 0.229      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.261 1.497 0.410 4.535
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -40.201 1.820 0.255
y 1.820 -35.288 -0.074
z 0.255 -0.074 -33.376
Traceless
 xyz
x -5.869 1.820 0.255
y 1.820 1.501 -0.074
z 0.255 -0.074 4.368
Polar
3z2-r28.736
x2-y2-4.913
xy1.820
xz0.255
yz-0.074


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.113 0.444 -0.084
y 0.444 6.599 0.018
z -0.084 0.018 5.501


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 138.851
(<r2>)1/2 11.784