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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: HSEh1PBE/3-21G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at HSEh1PBE/3-21G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-304.491674
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-304.491674
Nuclear repulsion energy238.503552
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at HSEh1PBE/3-21G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3190 3062 5.79      
2 A 3182 3054 14.07      
3 A 3173 3046 8.28      
4 A 3114 2989 13.01      
5 A 3093 2969 31.92      
6 A 3091 2967 3.24      
7 A 1871 1796 283.82      
8 A 1568 1505 1.01      
9 A 1540 1478 9.43      
10 A 1509 1448 14.60      
11 A 1393 1337 1.61      
12 A 1383 1328 1.26      
13 A 1342 1289 8.28      
14 A 1286 1234 6.70      
15 A 1242 1192 4.29      
16 A 1203 1155 3.06      
17 A 1142 1096 175.63      
18 A 1117 1073 49.86      
19 A 1051 1009 23.13      
20 A 1007 967 50.90      
21 A 945 907 2.47      
22 A 913 876 13.59      
23 A 890 855 18.59      
24 A 794 762 6.10      
25 A 683 656 6.37      
26 A 638 612 3.78      
27 A 533 511 1.96      
28 A 480 460 2.56      
29 A 218 209 3.70      
30 A 152 146 0.12      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21870.6 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9599) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 20993.6 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at HSEh1PBE/3-21G*
ABC
0.23961 0.11690 0.08393

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at HSEh1PBE/3-21G*

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.897 0.003 0.005
C2 -0.029 1.206 0.192
C3 -1.396 0.675 -0.252
C4 -1.297 -0.811 0.142
O5 0.122 -1.153 -0.044
O6 2.106 -0.031 -0.079
H7 0.340 2.058 -0.381
H8 -0.033 1.470 1.258
H9 -1.494 0.764 -1.338
H10 -2.239 1.174 0.230
H11 -1.885 -1.475 -0.493
H12 -1.562 -0.961 1.194

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52922.40332.34501.39311.21182.16342.14172.84623.35523.18962.8970
C21.52921.53262.38342.37512.48151.09061.09822.16442.21093.33162.8373
C32.40331.53261.54022.38453.57632.22332.18371.09461.09162.21742.1892
C42.34502.38341.54021.47133.49853.34432.83672.17002.19871.08981.0951
O51.39312.37512.38451.47132.27973.23562.93212.82103.32572.08122.0985
O61.21182.48153.57633.49852.27972.75162.93513.89554.51924.26413.9924
H72.16341.09062.22333.34433.23562.75161.78032.44042.79374.17633.8999
H82.14171.09822.18372.83672.93212.93511.78033.06152.45153.89402.8724
H92.84622.16441.09462.17002.82103.89552.44043.06151.78392.42453.0643
H103.35522.21091.09162.19873.32574.51922.79372.45151.78392.76792.4381
H113.18963.33162.21741.08982.08124.26414.17633.89402.42452.76791.7919
H122.89702.83732.18921.09512.09853.99243.89992.87243.06432.43811.7919

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 103.434 C1 C2 H7 110.211
C1 C2 H8 108.085 C1 O5 C4 109.872
C2 C1 O5 108.645 C2 C1 O6 129.374
C2 C3 C4 101.726 C2 C3 H9 109.825
C2 C3 H10 113.757 C3 C2 H7 114.850
C3 C2 H8 111.137 C3 C4 O5 104.685
C3 C4 H11 113.844 C3 C4 H12 111.219
C4 C3 H9 109.734 C4 C3 H10 112.198
O5 C1 O6 121.975 O5 C4 H11 107.770
O5 C4 H12 108.825 H7 C2 H8 108.849
H9 C3 H10 109.368 H11 C4 H12 110.195
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at HSEh1PBE/3-21G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.691      
2 C -0.559      
3 C -0.487      
4 C -0.183      
5 O -0.495      
6 O -0.477      
7 H 0.268      
8 H 0.268      
9 H 0.251      
10 H 0.238      
11 H 0.249      
12 H 0.236      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -4.239 1.757 0.464 4.612
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -39.551 2.065 0.265
y 2.065 -35.526 -0.077
z 0.265 -0.077 -33.371
Traceless
 xyz
x -5.102 2.065 0.265
y 2.065 0.935 -0.077
z 0.265 -0.077 4.167
Polar
3z2-r28.334
x2-y2-4.025
xy2.065
xz0.265
yz-0.077


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 7.492 0.505 -0.141
y 0.505 5.740 0.037
z -0.141 0.037 4.794


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 141.677
(<r2>)1/2 11.903