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All results from a given calculation for C4H6O2 (γ–Butyrolactone)

using model chemistry: wB97X-D/SDD

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes C1 1A
Energy calculated at wB97X-D/SDD
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-306.348250
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-306.348250
Nuclear repulsion energy237.710253
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at wB97X-D/SDD
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3220 3220 35.60      
2 A 3208 3208 10.82      
3 A 3191 3191 17.04      
4 A 3125 3125 28.56      
5 A 3121 3121 42.94      
6 A 3116 3116 14.75      
7 A 1804 1804 393.47      
8 A 1558 1558 2.05      
9 A 1543 1543 14.00      
10 A 1508 1508 18.36      
11 A 1412 1412 3.83      
12 A 1388 1388 2.14      
13 A 1345 1345 6.65      
14 A 1272 1272 5.51      
15 A 1246 1246 5.68      
16 A 1210 1210 2.13      
17 A 1177 1177 254.08      
18 A 1128 1128 17.66      
19 A 1083 1083 30.31      
20 A 1018 1018 61.63      
21 A 955 955 10.32      
22 A 922 922 7.27      
23 A 886 886 23.25      
24 A 810 810 12.66      
25 A 677 677 3.40      
26 A 646 646 7.97      
27 A 535 535 4.30      
28 A 477 477 4.23      
29 A 194 194 4.62      
30 A 143 143 1.06      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21958.3 cm-1
Scaled (by 1) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 21958.3 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at wB97X-D/SDD
ABC
0.23898 0.11589 0.08282

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at wB97X-D/SDD

Point Group is C1

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.897 -0.003 0.004
C2 -0.015 1.214 0.160
C3 -1.413 0.684 -0.209
C4 -1.305 -0.820 0.125
O5 0.118 -1.151 -0.047
O6 2.119 -0.037 -0.065
H7 0.340 2.029 -0.470
H8 0.038 1.546 1.202
H9 -1.600 0.821 -1.277
H10 -2.218 1.167 0.346
H11 -1.868 -1.465 -0.547
H12 -1.576 -1.037 1.162

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 O5 O6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C11.52912.41922.35191.38821.22422.15952.13902.92513.34543.17662.9206
C21.52911.53932.40852.37752.48431.08971.09502.17522.21103.33342.9164
C32.41921.53931.54452.39503.60732.22422.19991.09311.09112.22262.2063
C42.35192.40851.54451.47103.51743.34292.92612.17912.19811.08881.0936
O51.38822.37752.39501.47102.29003.21532.97342.89053.31442.07272.0849
O61.22422.48433.60733.51742.29002.75632.90614.00444.51994.26294.0203
H72.15951.08972.22423.34293.21532.75631.76672.42312.81974.13393.9664
H82.13901.09502.19992.92612.97342.90611.76673.05882.44253.97013.0460
H92.92512.17521.09312.17912.89054.00442.42313.05881.77122.41533.0666
H103.34542.21101.09112.19813.31444.51992.81972.44251.77122.80142.4359
H113.17663.33342.22261.08882.07274.26294.13393.97012.41532.80141.7861
H122.92062.91642.20631.09362.08494.02033.96643.04603.06662.43591.7861

picture of γ–Butyrolactone state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 104.074 C1 C2 H7 109.958
C1 C2 H8 108.054 C1 O5 C4 110.654
C2 C1 O5 109.074 C2 C1 O6 128.580
C2 C3 C4 102.707 C2 C3 H9 110.288
C2 C3 H10 113.293 C3 C2 H7 114.480
C3 C2 H8 112.148 C3 C4 O5 105.135
C3 C4 H11 114.019 C3 C4 H12 112.377
C4 C3 H9 110.243 C4 C3 H10 111.873
O5 C1 O6 122.346 O5 C4 H11 107.186
O5 C4 H12 107.861 H7 C2 H8 107.925
H9 C3 H10 108.367 H11 C4 H12 109.845
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at wB97X-D/SDD Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C 0.289      
2 C -0.508      
3 C -0.417      
4 C -0.237      
5 O -0.285      
6 O -0.251      
7 H 0.261      
8 H 0.245      
9 H 0.230      
10 H 0.228      
11 H 0.231      
12 H 0.214      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -5.140 2.194 0.506 5.611
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -41.046 2.348 0.278
y 2.348 -35.784 -0.201
z 0.278 -0.201 -33.194
Traceless
 xyz
x -6.556 2.348 0.278
y 2.348 1.336 -0.201
z 0.278 -0.201 5.221
Polar
3z2-r210.441
x2-y2-5.261
xy2.348
xz0.278
yz-0.201


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 8.043 0.450 -0.094
y 0.450 6.141 0.036
z -0.094 0.036 5.006


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 143.217
(<r2>)1/2 11.967