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All results from a given calculation for KCN (Potassium cyanide)

using model chemistry: wB97X-D/6-31+G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 no C*V 1Σ
1 2 no C*V 1Σ
1 3 yes CS 1A'

Conformer 1 (C*V)

Jump to S1C2 S1C3
Energy calculated at wB97X-D/6-31+G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-692.716754
Energy at 298.15K-692.716143
HF Energy-692.716754
Nuclear repulsion energy 
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at wB97X-D/6-31+G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 Σ 2227 2121 0.30      
2 Σ 256 244 61.29      
3 Π 90 86 11.39      
3 Π 90 86 11.39      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1331.9 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9523) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1268.3 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at wB97X-D/6-31+G**
B
0.09588

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at wB97X-D/6-31+G**

Point Group is C∞v

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
K1 0.000 0.000 1.329
C2 0.000 0.000 -1.311
N3 0.000 0.000 -2.484

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  K1 C2 N3
K12.64053.8129
C22.64051.1724
N33.81291.1724

picture of Potassium cyanide state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
K1 C2 N3 180.000 K1 N3 C2 0.000
C2 K1 N3 0.000
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at wB97X-D/6-31+G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 K 1.022      
2 C -0.602      
3 N -0.420      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 13.048 13.048
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -23.351 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -23.351 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -31.972
Traceless
 xyz
x 4.311 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 4.311 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -8.621
Polar
3z2-r2-17.243
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 3.336 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 3.336 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 6.313


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 103.445
(<r2>)1/2 10.171

Conformer 2 (C*V)

Jump to S1C1 S1C3
Energy calculated at wB97X-D/6-31+G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-692.720520
Energy at 298.15K-692.719866
HF Energy-692.720520
Nuclear repulsion energy 
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at wB97X-D/6-31+G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 Σ 2167 2064 114.63      
2 Σ 330 315 74.63      
3 Π 54 51 3.98      
3 Π 54 51 3.98      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1302.5 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9523) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1240.4 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at wB97X-D/6-31+G**
B
0.11098

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at wB97X-D/6-31+G**

Point Group is C∞v

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
K1 0.000 0.000 1.230
C2 0.000 0.000 -2.433
N3 0.000 0.000 -1.252

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  K1 C2 N3
K13.66292.4820
C23.66291.1810
N32.48201.1810

picture of Potassium cyanide state 1 conformation 2
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
K1 C2 N3 0.000 K1 N3 C2 180.000
C2 K1 N3 0.000
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at wB97X-D/6-31+G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 K 0.937      
2 C -0.226      
3 N -0.710      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 12.738 12.738
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -23.303 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -23.303 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -33.591
Traceless
 xyz
x 5.144 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 5.144 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -10.288
Polar
3z2-r2-20.576
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 3.376 0.000 -0.000
y 0.000 3.376 0.000
z -0.000 0.000 6.196


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 91.928
(<r2>)1/2 9.588

Conformer 3 (CS)

Jump to S1C1 S1C2
Energy calculated at wB97X-D/6-31+G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-692.721741
Energy at 298.15K-692.721588
HF Energy-692.721741
Nuclear repulsion energy67.596805
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at wB97X-D/6-31+G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A' 2158 2055 34.11      
2 A' 313 298 59.93      
3 A' 142 135 12.98      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1306.1 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9523) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1243.8 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at wB97X-D/6-31+G**
ABC
1.94968 0.15658 0.14494

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at wB97X-D/6-31+G**

Point Group is Cs

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
K1 0.000 1.066 0.000
C2 0.624 -1.678 0.000
N3 -0.535 -1.454 0.000

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  K1 C2 N3
K12.81362.5761
C22.81361.1800
N32.57611.1800

picture of Potassium cyanide state 1 conformation 3
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
K1 C2 N3 66.265 K1 N3 C2 88.944
C2 K1 N3 24.791
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at wB97X-D/6-31+G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 K 0.928      
2 C -0.398      
3 N -0.530      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -0.318 10.924 0.000 10.928
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.629 1.048 0.000
y 1.048 -27.348 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -23.355
Traceless
 xyz
x -2.277 1.048 0.000
y 1.048 -1.856 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 4.134
Polar
3z2-r28.267
x2-y2-0.281
xy1.048
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 5.105 -0.314 0.000
y -0.314 4.481 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 3.658


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 73.920
(<r2>)1/2 8.598