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All results from a given calculation for Mg(OH)2 (Magnesium dihydroxide)

using model chemistry: PBEPBE/3-21G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 2 yes C2 1A
1 3 no D*H 1Σg

Conformer 1 (C2H)

Jump to S1C2 S1C3
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at PBEPBE/3-21G*
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at PBEPBE/3-21G*
See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at PBEPBE/3-21G*
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability

Conformer 2 (C2)

Jump to S1C1 S1C3
Energy calculated at PBEPBE/3-21G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-349.556757
Energy at 298.15K-349.557950
HF Energy-349.556757
Nuclear repulsion energy82.837784
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at PBEPBE/3-21G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A 3606 3438 0.12      
2 A 659 628 9.07      
3 A 212 202 37.70      
4 A 167 159 9.00      
5 A 100 95 173.68      
6 B 3607 3440 37.00      
7 B 983 937 46.83      
8 B 193 184 159.64      
9 B 148 141 113.30      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 4836.8 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9535) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 4611.9 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at PBEPBE/3-21G*
ABC
29.06651 0.14975 0.14961

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at PBEPBE/3-21G*

Point Group is C2

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
Mg1 0.000 0.000 0.002
O2 0.000 1.759 0.038
O3 0.000 -1.759 0.038
H4 -0.438 2.569 -0.315
H5 0.438 -2.569 -0.315

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  Mg1 O2 O3 H4 H5
Mg11.75941.75942.62552.6255
O21.75943.51810.98634.3647
O31.75943.51814.36470.9863
H42.62550.98634.36475.2125
H52.62554.36470.98635.2125

picture of Magnesium dihydroxide state 1 conformation 2
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
Mg1 O2 H4 144.489 Mg1 O3 H5 144.489
O2 Mg1 O3 177.673
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at PBEPBE/3-21G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 Mg 0.559      
2 O -0.623      
3 O -0.623      
4 H 0.343      
5 H 0.343      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 -1.124 1.124
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -19.959 -4.579 0.000
y -4.579 -18.462 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -20.444
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.506 -4.579 0.000
y -4.579 1.740 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -1.233
Polar
3z2-r2-2.467
x2-y2-1.497
xy-4.579
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 3.581 0.116 0.000
y 0.116 5.028 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 3.615


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 75.570
(<r2>)1/2 8.693

Conformer 3 (D*H)

Jump to S1C1 S1C2
Energy calculated at PBEPBE/3-21G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-349.556360
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-349.556360
Nuclear repulsion energy83.765537
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at PBEPBE/3-21G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 Σg 3675 3504 0.00      
2 Σg 675 644 0.00      
3 Σu 3677 3506 81.45      
4 Σu 1017 969 71.90      
5 Πg 143i 136i 0.00      
5 Πg 143i 136i 0.00      
6 Πu 182 173 15.79      
6 Πu 182 173 15.79      
7 Πu 136i 129i 248.39      
7 Πu 136i 129i 248.39      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 4425.1 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9535) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 4219.3 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at PBEPBE/3-21G*
B
0.15215

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at PBEPBE/3-21G*

Point Group is D∞h

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
Mg1 0.000 0.000 0.000
O2 0.000 0.000 1.732
O3 0.000 0.000 -1.732
H4 0.000 0.000 2.712
H5 0.000 0.000 -2.712

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  Mg1 O2 O3 H4 H5
Mg11.73211.73212.71172.7117
O21.73213.46410.97964.4437
O31.73213.46414.44370.9796
H42.71170.97964.44375.4234
H52.71174.44370.97965.4234

picture of Magnesium dihydroxide state 1 conformation 3
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
Mg1 O2 H4 180.000 Mg1 O3 H5 180.000
O2 Mg1 O3 180.000
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at PBEPBE/3-21G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 Mg 0.593      
2 O -0.647      
3 O -0.647      
4 H 0.351      
5 H 0.351      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -20.897 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -20.897 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -14.002
Traceless
 xyz
x -3.448 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -3.448 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 6.895
Polar
3z2-r213.791
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 3.465 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 3.465 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 4.857


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 74.324
(<r2>)1/2 8.621