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All results from a given calculation for C4H8 (cyclobutane)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/6-31G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes D2D 1A1
Energy calculated at B3LYP/6-31G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.213153
Energy at 298.15K-157.222260
HF Energy-157.213153
Nuclear repulsion energy126.690016
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/6-31G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A1 3098 2975 0.00      
2 A1 3070 2948 0.00      
3 A1 1552 1490 0.00      
4 A1 1191 1144 0.00      
5 A1 1023 983 0.00      
6 A1 196 188 0.00      
7 A2 1269 1219 0.00      
8 A2 972 933 0.00      
9 B1 1278 1227 0.00      
10 B1 1181 1134 0.00      
11 B1 952 915 0.00      
12 B2 3129 3005 112.84      
13 B2 3063 2941 8.87      
14 B2 1520 1459 2.90      
15 B2 892 857 0.00      
16 B2 643 618 2.99      
17 E 3112 2989 19.31      
17 E 3112 2989 19.31      
18 E 3063 2942 83.40      
18 E 3063 2942 83.40      
19 E 1512 1452 0.08      
19 E 1512 1452 0.08      
20 E 1308 1257 0.29      
20 E 1308 1257 0.29      
21 E 1262 1212 0.26      
21 E 1262 1212 0.26      
22 E 924 888 2.09      
22 E 924 888 2.09      
23 E 761 731 0.45      
23 E 761 731 0.45      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 24456.8 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9603) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23485.8 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/6-31G*
ABC
0.35543 0.35543 0.21028

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/6-31G*

Point Group is D2d

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 1.084 0.125
C2 0.000 -1.084 0.125
C3 -1.084 0.000 -0.125
C4 1.084 0.000 -0.125
H5 0.000 1.423 1.167
H6 0.000 1.966 -0.525
H7 0.000 -1.423 1.167
H8 0.000 -1.966 -0.525
H9 -1.423 0.000 -1.167
H10 -1.966 0.000 0.525
H11 1.423 0.000 -1.167
H12 1.966 0.000 0.525

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C12.16851.55351.55351.09571.09502.71503.11842.20632.28032.20632.2803
C22.16851.55351.55352.71503.11841.09571.09502.20632.28032.20632.2803
C31.55351.55352.16852.20632.28032.20632.28031.09571.09502.71503.1184
C41.55351.55352.16852.20632.28032.20632.28032.71503.11841.09571.0950
H51.09572.71502.20632.20631.77672.84563.78743.08132.51003.08132.5100
H61.09503.11842.28032.28031.77673.78743.93142.51002.97162.51002.9716
H72.71501.09572.20632.20632.84563.78741.77673.08132.51003.08132.5100
H83.11841.09502.28032.28033.78743.93141.77672.51002.97162.51002.9716
H92.20632.20631.09572.71503.08132.51003.08132.51001.77672.84563.7874
H102.28032.28031.09503.11842.51002.97162.51002.97161.77673.78743.9314
H112.20632.20632.71501.09573.08132.51003.08132.51002.84563.78741.7767
H122.28032.28033.11841.09502.51002.97162.51002.97163.78743.93141.7767

picture of cyclobutane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C3 C2 88.523 C1 C3 H9 111.613
C1 C3 H10 117.812 C1 C4 C2 88.523
C1 C4 H11 111.613 C1 C4 H12 117.812
C2 C3 H9 111.613 C2 C3 H10 117.812
C2 C4 H11 111.613 C2 C4 H12 117.812
C3 C1 C4 88.523 C3 C1 H5 111.613
C3 C1 H6 117.812 C3 C2 C4 88.523
C3 C2 H7 111.613 C3 C2 H8 117.812
C4 C1 H5 111.613 C4 C1 H6 117.812
C4 C2 H7 111.613 C4 C2 H8 117.812
H5 C1 H6 108.394 H7 C2 H8 108.394
H9 C3 H10 108.394 H11 C4 H12 108.394
Electronic energy levels

Electronic state

Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/6-31G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.270      
2 C -0.270      
3 C -0.270      
4 C -0.270      
5 H 0.136      
6 H 0.134      
7 H 0.136      
8 H 0.134      
9 H 0.136      
10 H 0.134      
11 H 0.136      
12 H 0.134      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
AIM 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
ESP -0.002 0.000 -0.004 0.005


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -26.919 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -26.919 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -25.603
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.658 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -0.658 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.316
Polar
3z2-r22.632
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 6.121 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 6.121 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 5.745


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 75.228
(<r2>)1/2 8.673