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All results from a given calculation for KCN (Potassium cyanide)

using model chemistry: B3LYP/6-31G**

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 no C*V 1Σ
1 2 no C*V 1Σ
1 3 yes CS 1A'

Conformer 1 (C*V)

Jump to S1C2 S1C3
Energy calculated at B3LYP/6-31G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-692.749854
Energy at 298.15K-692.749199
HF Energy-692.749854
Nuclear repulsion energy60.676237
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/6-31G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 Σ 2220 2133 1.06      
2 Σ 288 277 52.42      
3 Π 67 65 9.81      
3 Π 67 65 9.81      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1321.3 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9608) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1269.5 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/6-31G**
B
0.09761

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/6-31G**

Point Group is C∞v

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
K1 0.000 0.000 1.317
C2 0.000 0.000 -1.293
N3 0.000 0.000 -2.466

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  K1 C2 N3
K12.60933.7823
C22.60931.1729
N33.78231.1729

picture of Potassium cyanide state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
K1 C2 N3 180.000 K1 N3 C2 0.000
C2 K1 N3 0.000
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/6-31G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 K 0.654      
2 C -0.225      
3 N -0.429      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 11.939 11.939
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -23.136 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -23.136 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -30.222
Traceless
 xyz
x 3.543 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 3.543 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -7.086
Polar
3z2-r2-14.172
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 3.424 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 3.424 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 7.139


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 101.444
(<r2>)1/2 10.072

Conformer 2 (C*V)

Jump to S1C1 S1C3
Energy calculated at B3LYP/6-31G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-692.750272
Energy at 298.15K 
HF Energy-692.750272
Nuclear repulsion energy64.078788
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/6-31G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 Σ 2156 2072 95.66      
2 Σ 325 312 61.88      
3 Π 83i 80i 2.27      
3 Π 83i 80i 2.27      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1157.6 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9608) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1112.2 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/6-31G**
B
0.11290

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/6-31G**

Point Group is C∞v

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
K1 0.000 0.000 1.218
C2 0.000 0.000 -2.417
N3 0.000 0.000 -1.235

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  K1 C2 N3
K13.63582.4538
C23.63581.1820
N32.45381.1820

picture of Potassium cyanide state 1 conformation 2
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
K1 C2 N3 0.000 K1 N3 C2 180.000
C2 K1 N3 0.000
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/6-31G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 K 0.694      
2 C -0.127      
3 N -0.567      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 11.789 11.789
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -23.177 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -23.177 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -32.097
Traceless
 xyz
x 4.460 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 4.460 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -8.920
Polar
3z2-r2-17.840
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 3.429 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 3.429 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 7.042


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 90.284
(<r2>)1/2 9.502

Conformer 3 (CS)

Jump to S1C1 S1C2
Energy calculated at B3LYP/6-31G**
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-692.757576
Energy at 298.15K-692.757485
HF Energy-692.757576
Nuclear repulsion energy68.327161
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B3LYP/6-31G**
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A' 2139 2055 21.45      
2 A' 308 296 60.65      
3 A' 186 178 3.09      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1316.0 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9608) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 1264.4 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B3LYP/6-31G**
ABC
1.88829 0.16282 0.14990

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B3LYP/6-31G**

Point Group is Cs

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
K1 0.000 1.046 0.000
C2 0.633 -1.594 0.000
N3 -0.543 -1.474 0.000

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  K1 C2 N3
K12.71492.5776
C22.71491.1821
N32.57761.1821

picture of Potassium cyanide state 1 conformation 3
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
K1 C2 N3 70.679 K1 N3 C2 83.679
C2 K1 N3 25.643
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B3LYP/6-31G** Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 K 0.620      
2 C -0.139      
3 N -0.481      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  -0.397 9.878 0.000 9.886
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -27.388 0.600 0.000
y 0.600 -25.871 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -23.426
Traceless
 xyz
x -2.739 0.600 0.000
y 0.600 -0.464 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 3.203
Polar
3z2-r26.406
x2-y2-1.517
xy0.600
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 4.586 -0.071 0.000
y -0.071 4.740 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 3.546


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 71.672
(<r2>)1/2 8.466