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All results from a given calculation for C4H8 (cyclobutane)

using model chemistry: B97D3/6-31G*

19 10 17 12 22

States and conformations

State Conformation minimum conformation conformer description state description
1 1 yes D2D 1A1
Energy calculated at B97D3/6-31G*
 hartrees
Energy at 0K-157.106267
Energy at 298.15K-157.115312
HF Energy-157.106267
Nuclear repulsion energy 
The energy at 298.15K was derived from the energy at 0K and an integrated heat capacity that used the calculated vibrational frequencies.
Vibrational Frequencies calculated at B97D3/6-31G*
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency
(cm-1)
Scaled Frequency
(cm-1)
IR Intensities
(km mol-1)
Raman Act
4/u)
Dep P Dep U
1 A1 3045 2985 0.00      
2 A1 3015 2956 0.00      
3 A1 1520 1490 0.00      
4 A1 1166 1143 0.00      
5 A1 1001 982 0.00      
6 A1 198 194 0.00      
7 A2 1234 1210 0.00      
8 A2 954 935 0.00      
9 B1 1250 1225 0.00      
10 B1 1150 1127 0.00      
11 B1 934 916 0.00      
12 B2 3078 3018 130.67      
13 B2 3006 2947 9.54      
14 B2 1491 1461 2.95      
15 B2 879 861 0.00      
16 B2 629 616 3.08      
17 E 3060 3000 20.46      
17 E 3060 3000 20.46      
18 E 3007 2948 101.27      
18 E 3007 2948 101.27      
19 E 1481 1452 0.01      
19 E 1481 1452 0.01      
20 E 1276 1251 0.30      
20 E 1276 1251 0.30      
21 E 1236 1212 0.38      
21 E 1236 1212 0.38      
22 E 906 888 2.08      
22 E 906 888 2.08      
23 E 747 732 0.49      
23 E 747 732 0.49      

Unscaled Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23986.0 cm-1
Scaled (by 0.9804) Zero Point Vibrational Energy (zpe) 23515.9 cm-1
See section III.C.1 List or set vibrational scaling factors to change the scale factors used here.
See section III.C.2 Calculate a vibrational scaling factor for a given set of molecules to determine the least squares best scaling factor.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) from geometry optimized at B97D3/6-31G*
ABC
0.35396 0.35396 0.20988

See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
Geometric Data calculated at B97D3/6-31G*

Point Group is D2d

Cartesians (Å)
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.000 1.085 0.129
C2 0.000 -1.085 0.129
C3 -1.085 0.000 -0.129
C4 1.085 0.000 -0.129
H5 0.000 1.412 1.179
H6 0.000 1.976 -0.515
H7 0.000 -1.412 1.179
H8 0.000 -1.976 -0.515
H9 -1.412 0.000 -1.179
H10 -1.976 0.000 0.515
H11 1.412 0.000 -1.179
H12 1.976 0.000 0.515

Atom - Atom Distances (Å)
  C1 C2 C3 C4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C12.17071.55631.55631.09971.09922.70893.12862.20912.28762.20912.2876
C22.17071.55631.55632.70893.12861.09971.09922.20912.28762.20912.2876
C31.55631.55632.17072.20912.28762.20912.28761.09971.09922.70893.1286
C41.55631.55632.17072.20912.28762.20912.28762.70893.12861.09971.0992
H51.09972.70892.20912.20911.78562.82333.78783.08932.51773.08932.5177
H61.09923.12862.28762.28761.78563.78783.95262.51772.97882.51772.9788
H72.70891.09972.20912.20912.82333.78781.78563.08932.51773.08932.5177
H83.12861.09922.28762.28763.78783.95261.78562.51772.97882.51772.9788
H92.20912.20911.09972.70893.08932.51773.08932.51771.78562.82333.7878
H102.28762.28761.09923.12862.51772.97882.51772.97881.78563.78783.9526
H112.20912.20912.70891.09973.08932.51773.08932.51772.82333.78781.7856
H122.28762.28763.12861.09922.51772.97882.51772.97883.78783.95261.7856

picture of cyclobutane state 1 conformation 1
More geometry information
Calculated Bond Angles
atom1 atom2 atom3 angle atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C3 C2 89.998 C1 C3 H9 114.608
C1 C3 H10 114.703 C1 C4 C2 89.998
C1 C4 H11 114.608 C1 C4 H12 114.703
C2 C3 H9 114.608 C2 C3 H10 114.703
C2 C4 H11 114.608 C2 C4 H12 114.703
C3 C1 C4 89.998 C3 C1 H5 114.608
C3 C1 H6 114.703 C3 C2 C4 89.998
C3 C2 H7 114.608 C3 C2 H8 114.703
C4 C1 H5 114.608 C4 C1 H6 114.703
C4 C2 H7 114.608 C4 C2 H8 114.703
H5 C1 H6 107.695 H7 C2 H8 107.695
H9 C3 H10 107.695 H11 C4 H12 107.695
Electronic energy levels
Charges, Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Charges from optimized geometry at B97D3/6-31G* Charges (e)
Number Element Mulliken CHELPG AIM ESP
1 C -0.280      
2 C -0.280      
3 C -0.280      
4 C -0.280      
5 H 0.141      
6 H 0.139      
7 H 0.141      
8 H 0.139      
9 H 0.141      
10 H 0.139      
11 H 0.141      
12 H 0.139      


Electric dipole moments
Electric dipole components in Debye
(What's a Debye? See section VII.A.3)
  x y z Total
  0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
CHELPG        
AIM        
ESP        


Electric Quadrupole moment
Quadrupole components in D Å
Primitive
 xyz
x -26.826 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -26.826 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 -25.472
Traceless
 xyz
x -0.677 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 -0.677 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 1.353
Polar
3z2-r22.706
x2-y20.000
xy0.000
xz0.000
yz0.000


Polarizabilities
Components of the polarizability tensor.
Units are Å3 (Angstrom cubed)
Change units.
  x y z
x 6.268 0.000 0.000
y 0.000 6.268 0.000
z 0.000 0.000 5.853


<r2> (average value of r2) Å2
<r2> 75.355
(<r2>)1/2 8.681