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Experimental data for C6H5CHO (benzaldehyde)

22 02 02 11 45
Other names
Ethereal oil of bitter almonds; Benzene carbaldehyde; Benzenecarbonal; Benzene methylal; Phenylmethanal; benzaldehyde; Almond Oil; Benzoic aldehyde; Benzoyl hydride;
INChI INChIKey SMILES IUPAC name
InChI=1S/C7H6O/c8-6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-6H HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 benzaldehyde
State Conformation
1A' CS
Enthalpy of formation (Hfg), Entropy, Integrated heat capacity (0 K to 298.15 K) (HH), Heat Capacity (Cp)
Property Value Uncertainty units Reference Comment
Hfg(298.15K) enthalpy of formation -37.20 0.92 kJ mol-1 webbook
Hfg(0K) enthalpy of formation   0.92 kJ mol-1 webbook
Entropy (298.15K) entropy     J K-1 mol-1  
Integrated Heat Capacity (0 to 298.15K) integrated heat capacity     kJ mol-1  
Heat Capacity (298.15K) heat capacity 111.70   J K-1 mol-1 webbook
Barrier to Internal Rotation 20.5   kJ mol-1 1970Kak/Rin:3803
Information can also be found for this species in the NIST Chemistry Webbook
Vibrational levels (cm-1) vibrations
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency Intensity Comment Description
Fundamental(cm-1) Harmonic(cm-1) Reference (km mol-1) unc. Reference
1 A' 3099   1976Gre/Har:1265      
2 A' 3081   1976Gre/Har:1265      
3 A' 3081   1976Gre/Har:1265      
4 A' 3043   1976Gre/Har:1265      
5 A' 3034   1976Gre/Har:1265      
6 A' 2806   1976Gre/Har:1265      
7 A' 1728   1976Gre/Har:1265      
8 A' 1614   1976Gre/Har:1265      
9 A' 1603   1976Gre/Har:1265      
10 A' 1492   1976Gre/Har:1265      
11 A' 1460   1976Gre/Har:1265      
12 A' 1387   1976Gre/Har:1265      
13 A' 1314   1976Gre/Har:1265      
14 A' 1276   1976Gre/Har:1265      
15 A' 1202   1976Gre/Har:1265      
16 A' 1168   1976Gre/Har:1265      
17 A' 1158   1976Gre/Har:1265      
18 A' 1074   1976Gre/Har:1265      
19 A' 1026   1976Gre/Har:1265      
20 A' 996   1976Gre/Har:1265      
21 A' 825   1976Gre/Har:1265      
22 A' 649   1976Gre/Har:1265      
23 A' 617   1976Gre/Har:1265      
24 A' 437   1976Gre/Har:1265      
25 A' 224   1976Gre/Har:1265      
26 A" 1003   1976Gre/Har:1265      
27 A" 996   1976Gre/Har:1265      
28 A" 978   1976Gre/Har:1265      
29 A" 918   1976Gre/Har:1265      
30 A" 852   1976Gre/Har:1265      
31 A" 740   1976Gre/Har:1265      
32 A" 688   1976Gre/Har:1265      
33 A" 450   1976Gre/Har:1265      
34 A" 400   1976Gre/Har:1265      
35 A" 217   1976Gre/Har:1265      
36 A" 111   1976Gre/Har:1265      

vibrational zero-point energy: 23373.5 cm-1 (from fundamental vibrations)
Calculated vibrational frequencies for C6H5CHO (benzaldehyde).
Rotational Constants (cm-1) rotational constants
See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
A B C reference comment
0.17460 0.05218 0.04018 2005Des/Psz:1708

Calculated rotational constants for C6H5CHO (benzaldehyde).
Product of moments of inertia moments of inertia
1.308588E+07amu3Å6   5.9919859799472E-113gm3 cm6
Geometric Data
picture of benzaldehyde

Point Group Cs


Internal coordinates
distances (r) in Å, angles (a) in degrees, dihedrals (d) in degrees
Description Value unc. Connectivity Reference Comment
Atom 1 Atom 2 Atom 3 Atom 4

Cartesians
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)

Atom - Atom Distances bond lengths
Distances in Å
 

Calculated geometries for C6H5CHO (benzaldehyde).

Bond descriptions


Examples: C-C single bond, C=C, double bond, C#C triple bond, C:C aromatic bond
Bond Type Count
C:C 6
C-C 1
C=O 1
H-C 6

Connectivity
Atom 1 Atom 2
C1 C2
C1 C6
C1 C7
C2 C3
C2 H10
C3 C4
C3 H11
C4 C5
C4 H12
C5 C6
C5 H13
C6 H14
C7 O8
C7 H9
Electronic energy levels (cm-1)
Energy (cm-1) Degeneracy reference description
0 1   1A'

Ionization Energies (eV)
Ionization Energy I.E. unc. vertical I.E. v.I.E. unc. reference
9.500 0.080     webbook

Electron Affinity (eV)
Electron Affinity unc. reference
0.390 0.050 webbook
Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Electric dipole moment dipole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Dipole (Debye) Reference comment Point Group Components
x y z total dipole quadrupole
1 1 1A' Cs True 2.906 1.188   3.140 2005Des/Psz:1708 x=a, y=b Cs 2 3
Experimental dipole measurement abbreviations: MW microwave; DT Dielectric with Temperature variation; DR Indirect (usually an upper limit); MB Molecular beam
Calculated electric dipole moments for C6H5CHO (benzaldehyde).
Electric quadrupole moment quadrupole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Quadrupole (D Å) Reference comment Point Group Components
xx yy zz dipole quadrupole
1 1 1A' Cs True       Cs 2 3

Calculated electric quadrupole moments for C6H5CHO (benzaldehyde).
Electric dipole polarizability (Å3) polarizability
alpha unc. Reference
12.800   1998Gus/Rui:163

Calculated electric dipole polarizability for C6H5CHO (benzaldehyde).

References
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squib reference DOI
1970Kak/Rin:3803 RK Kakar, EA Rinehart, CR Quade, T Kojima "Microwave Spectrum of Benzaldehyde" J. Chem. Phys. 52(7), 3803, 1970 10.1063/1.1673561
1976Gre/Har:1265 JHS Green, DJ Harrison "VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA OF BENZENE-DERIVATIVES .16. BENZALDEHYDE AND MONOSUBSTITUTED BENZALDEHYDES" Spectrochimica Acta A 32(6) 1265-1277, 1976 10.1016/0584-8539(76)80165-1
1998Gus/Rui:163 M Gussoni, R Rui, G Zerbi "Electronic and relaxation contribution to linear molecular polarizability. An analysis of the experimental values" J. Mol. Struct. 447 (1998) 163-215 10.1016/S0022-2860(97)00292-5
2005Des/Psz:1708 O Desyatnyk, L Pszczolkowski, S Thorwirth, TM Krygowski, Z Kisiel "The rotational spectra, electric dipole moments and molecular structures of anisole and benzaldehyde" Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 7(8) 1708-1715, 2005 10.1039/b501041a
webbook NIST Chemistry Webbook (http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry) 10.18434/T4D303

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