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Experimental data for C2H5CN (ethyl cyanide)

22 02 02 11 45
Other names
Propanenitrile; Propionitrile; Cyanoethane; Ether cyanatus; Ethyl cyanide; Hydrocyanic ether; Propionic nitrile; Propiononitrile; Propylnitrile;
INChI INChIKey SMILES IUPAC name
InChI=1S/C3H5N/c1-2-3-4/h2H2,1H3 FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCC#N Propiononitrile
State Conformation
1A' Cs
Enthalpy of formation (Hfg), Entropy, Integrated heat capacity (0 K to 298.15 K) (HH), Heat Capacity (Cp)
Property Value Uncertainty units Reference Comment
Hfg(298.15K) enthalpy of formation 51.46   kJ mol-1 webbook
Hfg(0K) enthalpy of formation     kJ mol-1 webbook
Information can also be found for this species in the NIST Chemistry Webbook
Vibrational levels (cm-1) vibrations
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency Intensity Comment Description
Fundamental(cm-1) Harmonic(cm-1) Reference (km mol-1) unc. Reference
1 A' 3001   webbook      
2 A' 2955   webbook      
3 A' 2900   webbook      
4 A' 2254   webbook      
5 A' 1465   webbook      
6 A' 1433   webbook      
7 A' 1387   webbook      
8 A' 1319   webbook      
9 A' 1077   webbook      
10 A' 1005   webbook      
11 A' 836   webbook      
12 A' 545   webbook      
13 A' 226   webbook      
14 A" 3001   webbook      
15 A" 2849   webbook      
16 A" 1465   webbook      
17 A" 1256   webbook      
18 A" 1022   webbook      
19 A" 786   webbook      
20 A" 378   webbook      
21 A" 222   webbook      

vibrational zero-point energy: 15691.0 cm-1 (from fundamental vibrations)
Calculated vibrational frequencies for C2H5CN (ethyl cyanide).
Rotational Constants (cm-1) rotational constants
See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
A B C reference comment
0.92825 0.15808 0.14217 2008Dem/Mar:169-175 Be

Calculated rotational constants for C2H5CN (ethyl cyanide).
Product of moments of inertia moments of inertia
229630.9amu3Å6   1.05147341850694E-114gm3 cm6
Geometric Data
picture of ethyl cyanide

Point Group Cs


Internal coordinates
distances (r) in Å, angles (a) in degrees, dihedrals (d) in degrees
Description Value unc. Connectivity Reference Comment
Atom 1 Atom 2 Atom 3 Atom 4
rCC 1.526 0.001 1 2 2008Dem/Mar:169-175
rCC 1.468 0.002 2 3 2008Dem/Mar:169-175
rCN 1.153 0.002 3 4 2008Dem/Mar:169-175
rCH 1.088 0.001 2 8 2008Dem/Mar:169-175
rCH 1.087 0.001 1 5 2008Dem/Mar:169-175
aCCC 111.68 0.04 1 2 3 2008Dem/Mar:169-175
aCCN 178.792 2 3 4 2008Dem/Mar:169-175 fixed at calculated value
aCCH 111.14 0.09 1 2 8 2008Dem/Mar:169-175
aCCH 109.83 0.1 2 1 5 2008Dem/Mar:169-175
aCCH 110.84 0.06 2 1 6 2008Dem/Mar:169-175
dCCCH 120.25 0.08 3 1 2 8 2008Dem/Mar:169-175
dCCCH 60.19 0.06 3 2 1 6 2008Dem/Mar:169-175

Cartesians
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 1.6496 -0.4761 0.0000
C2 0.6231 0.6533 0.0000
C3 -0.7514 0.1368 0.0000
N4 -1.8220 -0.2914 0.0000
H5 2.6544 -0.0612 0.0000
H6 1.5359 -1.1019 0.8815
H7 1.5359 -1.1019 -0.8815
H8 0.7374 1.2873 0.8763
H9 0.7374 1.2873 -0.8763

Atom - Atom Distances bond lengths
Distances in Å
  C1 C2 C3 N4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9
C1   1.52622.47803.47651.08711.08701.08702.17022.1702
C2 1.5262   1.46832.62132.15332.16592.16591.08761.0876
C3 2.47801.4683   1.15313.41162.74652.74652.07562.0756
N4 3.47652.62131.1531   4.48233.56503.56503.13223.1322
H5 1.08712.15333.41164.4823   1.76381.76382.50222.5022
H6 1.08702.16592.74653.56501.7638   1.76302.51913.0718
H7 1.08702.16592.74653.56501.76381.7630   3.07182.5191
H8 2.17021.08762.07563.13222.50222.51913.0718   1.7526
H9 2.17021.08762.07563.13222.50223.07182.51911.7526  

Calculated geometries for C2H5CN (ethyl cyanide).

Experimental Bond Angles (degrees) from cartesians bond angles

atom1 atom2 atom3 angle         atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 C3 111.673 C1 C2 H8 111.142
C1 C2 H9 111.142 C2 C1 H5 109.831
C2 C1 H6 110.835 C2 C1 H7 110.835
C2 C3 N4 178.795 C3 C2 H8 107.663
C3 C2 H9 107.663 H5 C1 H6 108.446
H5 C1 H7 108.446 H6 C1 H7 108.375
H8 C2 H9 107.356

Bond descriptions


Examples: C-C single bond, C=C, double bond, C#C triple bond, C:C aromatic bond
Bond Type Count
C-C 2
H-C 5
C#N 1

Connectivity
Atom 1 Atom 2
C1 C2
C1 H5
C1 H6
C1 H7
C2 C3
C2 H8
C2 H9
C3 N4
Electronic energy levels (cm-1)
Energy (cm-1) Degeneracy reference description
0 1   1A'

Ionization Energies (eV)
Ionization Energy I.E. unc. vertical I.E. v.I.E. unc. reference
11.850 0.020     webbook
Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Electric dipole moment dipole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Dipole (Debye) Reference comment Point Group Components
x y z total dipole quadrupole
1 1 1A' Cs True 3.816 1.235   4.011 2011Kra/Zbi:83-87 x=a, y=b Cs 2 3
Experimental dipole measurement abbreviations: MW microwave; DT Dielectric with Temperature variation; DR Indirect (usually an upper limit); MB Molecular beam
Calculated electric dipole moments for C2H5CN (ethyl cyanide).
Electric quadrupole moment quadrupole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Quadrupole (D Å) Reference comment Point Group Components
xx yy zz dipole quadrupole
1 1 1A' Cs True       Cs 2 3

Calculated electric quadrupole moments for C2H5CN (ethyl cyanide).
Electric dipole polarizability (Å3) polarizability
alpha unc. Reference
6.240   1998Gus/Rui:163

Calculated electric dipole polarizability for C2H5CN (ethyl cyanide).

References
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squib reference DOI
1998Gus/Rui:163 M Gussoni, R Rui, G Zerbi "Electronic and relaxation contribution to linear molecular polarizability. An analysis of the experimental values" J. Mol. Struct. 447 (1998) 163-215 10.1016/S0022-2860(97)00292-5
2008Dem/Mar:169-175 J Demaison, L Margulès, H Mäder, M Sheng, HD Rudolph "Torsional barrier and equilibrium structure of ethyl cyanide" J. Mol. Spect. 252 (2008) 169–175 10.1016/j.jms.2008.08.002
2011Kra/Zbi:83-87 A Krasnicki, Z Kisiel "Electric dipole moments of acrylonitrile and of propionitrile measured in supersonic expansion" J. Mol. Spect. 270, 83-87, 2011 10.1016/j.jms.2011.08.006
webbook NIST Chemistry Webbook (http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry) 10.18434/T4D303

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