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Experimental data for C2H2O2 (Ethanedial)

22 02 02 11 45
Other names
1,2-Ethanedione; Biformal; Biformyl; Diformal; Diformyl; Ethandial; Ethane-1,2-dione; Ethanedial; Ethanedione; Glyoxal; Glyoxal aldehyde; Glyoxylaldehyde; Oxal; Oxalaldehyde;
INChI INChIKey SMILES IUPAC name
InChI=1S/C2H2O2/c3-1-2-4/h1-2H LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N O=CC=O Oxalaldehyde
State Conformation
1Ag C2H
Enthalpy of formation (Hfg), Entropy, Integrated heat capacity (0 K to 298.15 K) (HH), Heat Capacity (Cp)
Property Value Uncertainty units Reference Comment
Hfg(298.15K) enthalpy of formation -212.00 0.79 kJ mol-1 TRC
Hfg(0K) enthalpy of formation -206.40 0.79 kJ mol-1 TRC
Entropy (298.15K) entropy 272.44   J K-1 mol-1 TRC
Integrated Heat Capacity (0 to 298.15K) integrated heat capacity 13.67   kJ mol-1 TRC
Heat Capacity (298.15K) heat capacity 60.23   J K-1 mol-1 TRC
Barrier to Internal Rotation 24.9   kJ mol-1  
Information can also be found for this species in the NIST Chemistry Webbook
Vibrational levels (cm-1) vibrations
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency Intensity Comment Description
Fundamental(cm-1) Harmonic(cm-1) Reference (km mol-1) unc. Reference
1 Ag 2843   Shim      
2 Ag 1745   Shim      
3 Ag 1338   Shim      
4 Ag 1065   Shim      
5 Ag 551   Shim      
6 Au 801   Shim      
7 Au 127   Shim      
8 Bg 1048   Shim      
9 Bu 2835   Shim      
10 Bu 1732   Shim      
11 Bu 1312   Shim      
12 Bu 339   Shim      

vibrational zero-point energy: 7868.0 cm-1 (from fundamental vibrations)
Calculated vibrational frequencies for C2H2O2 (Ethanedial).
Rotational Constants (cm-1) rotational constants
See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
A B C reference comment
1.84540 0.15990 0.14720 1966Herzberg

Calculated rotational constants for C2H2O2 (Ethanedial).
Product of moments of inertia moments of inertia
110291.7amu3Å6   5.0502254889525E-115gm3 cm6
Geometric Data
picture of Ethanedial

Point Group C2h


Internal coordinates
distances (r) in Å, angles (a) in degrees, dihedrals (d) in degrees
Description Value unc. Connectivity Reference Comment
Atom 1 Atom 2 Atom 3 Atom 4
rCC 1.526   1 2 1998Kuc rg values
rCO 1.212   1 5 1998Kuc
rCH 1.132   1 3 rg value
aCCO 121.2 1 2 6 1998Kuc
aHCC 112.2 1 2 4 1998Kuc

Cartesians
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.0000 0.7630 0.0000
C2 0.0000 -0.7630 0.0000
H3 1.0481 1.1907 0.0000
H4 -1.0481 -1.1907 0.0000
O5 -1.0367 1.3908 0.0000
O6 1.0367 -1.3908 0.0000

Atom - Atom Distances bond lengths
Distances in Å
  C1 C2 H3 H4 O5 O6
C1   1.52601.13202.21711.21202.3904
C2 1.5260   2.21711.13202.39041.2120
H3 1.13202.2171   3.17262.09442.5816
H4 2.21711.13203.1726   2.58162.0944
O5 1.21202.39042.09442.5816   3.4694
O6 2.39041.21202.58162.09443.4694  

Calculated geometries for C2H2O2 (Ethanedial).

Experimental Bond Angles (degrees) from cartesians bond angles

atom1 atom2 atom3 angle         atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 H4 112.200 C1 C2 O6 121.200
C2 C1 H3 112.200 C2 C1 O5 121.200
H3 C1 O5 126.600 H4 C2 O6 126.600

Bond descriptions


Examples: C-C single bond, C=C, double bond, C#C triple bond, C:C aromatic bond
Bond Type Count
H-C 2
C-C 1
C=O 2

Connectivity
Atom 1 Atom 2
C1 C2
C1 H3
C1 O5
C2 H4
C2 O6
Electronic energy levels (cm-1)
Energy (cm-1) Degeneracy reference description
0 1   1Ag

Ionization Energies (eV)
Ionization Energy I.E. unc. vertical I.E. v.I.E. unc. reference
10.200   10.600 0.050 webbook
Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Electric dipole moment dipole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Dipole (Debye) Reference comment Point Group Components
x y z total dipole quadrupole
1 1 1Ag C2h True       0.000     C2h 0 3
1 2 1A1 C2v       3.400 1997Hub/Lee:221-236 μ0 MW ±0.02 D C2v 1 2
Experimental dipole measurement abbreviations: MW microwave; DT Dielectric with Temperature variation; DR Indirect (usually an upper limit); MB Molecular beam
Calculated electric dipole moments for C2H2O2 (Ethanedial).
Vibration specific dipole moments
Vibrational Quantum numbers Dip x Dip y Dip z Dip total Squib Comment
0   3.400     1997Hub/Lee:221-236 MW ±0.02
v7 = 1   3.390     1997Hub/Lee:221-236 MW ±0.02
v7 = 2   3.360     1997Hub/Lee:221-236 MW ±0.04
v5 = 1   3.430     1997Hub/Lee:221-236 MW ±0.04

Electric quadrupole moment quadrupole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Quadrupole (D Å) Reference comment Point Group Components
xx yy zz dipole quadrupole
1 1 1Ag C2h True       C2h 0 3
1 2 1A1 C2v       C2v 1 2

Calculated electric quadrupole moments for C2H2O2 (Ethanedial).

References
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squib reference DOI
1966Herzberg Herzberg, G., Electronic spectra and electronic structure of polyatomic molecules,Van Nostrand,New York, 1966  
1997Hub/Lee:221-236 H Hubner, A Leeser, A Burkert, DA Ramsay, W Huttner "Microwave Spectra, Dipole Momentsm and Torsional Potential Function of cis-Glyoxal and cis-Glyoxal-d1" J. Mol. Spect. 184, 221-236 (1997) 10.1006/jmsp.1997.7327
1998Kuc K Kuchitsu(ed) "Structure of Free Polyatomic Molecules - Basic Data" Springer, Berlin, 1998 10.1007/978-3-642-45748-7 
Shim Shimanouchi, T. , Tables of Molecular Vibrational Frequencies, Consolidated Volu 10.6028/NBS.NSRDS.39
TRC Frenkel, M; Marsh, K.N.; Wilhoit, R.C.; Kabo, G.J.; Roganov, G.N.,Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds in the Gas State,Thermodynamics Research Center, College Station, TX, 1994  
webbook NIST Chemistry Webbook (http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry) 10.18434/T4D303

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