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Experimental data for C3H2N2 (Malononitrile)

22 02 02 11 45
Other names
Cyanoacetonitrile; Dicyanomethane; Dwumetylosulfotlenku; Malonic acid dinitrile; Malonic dinitrile; Malonitrile; Malonodinitrile; Malononitrile; Methane, dicyano-; Methylene cyanide; Methylenedinitrile; Nitril kyseliny malonove; Propanedinitrile; Propanedinitrite; USAF KF-19; USAF a-4600;
INChI INChIKey SMILES IUPAC name
InChI=1S/C3H2N2/c4-2-1-3-5/h1H2 CUONGYYJJVDODC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N#CCC#N Malononitrile
State Conformation
1A1 C2V
Enthalpy of formation (Hfg), Entropy, Integrated heat capacity (0 K to 298.15 K) (HH), Heat Capacity (Cp)
Property Value Uncertainty units Reference Comment
Hfg(298.15K) enthalpy of formation 266.30 1.00 kJ mol-1 1990BEC/DOG
Hfg(0K) enthalpy of formation   1.00 kJ mol-1 1990BEC/DOG
Entropy (298.15K) entropy     J K-1 mol-1  
Integrated Heat Capacity (0 to 298.15K) integrated heat capacity     kJ mol-1  
Information can also be found for this species in the NIST Chemistry Webbook
Vibrational levels (cm-1) vibrations
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency Intensity Comment Description
Fundamental(cm-1) Harmonic(cm-1) Reference (km mol-1) unc. Reference
1 A1 2935   Shim      
2 A1 2275   Shim      
3 A1 1395   Shim      
4 A1 890   Shim      
5 A1 582   Shim      
6 A1 167   Shim      
7 A2 1220   Shim      
8 A2 367   Shim      
9 B1 2968   Shim      
10 B1 933   Shim      
11 B1 337   Shim      
12 B2 2275   Shim      
13 B2 1318   Shim      
14 B2 982   Shim      
15 B2 366   Shim      

vibrational zero-point energy: 9505.0 cm-1 (from fundamental vibrations)
Calculated vibrational frequencies for C3H2N2 (Malononitrile).
Rotational Constants (cm-1) rotational constants
See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
A B C reference comment
0.69657 0.09814 0.08728 1990Ran/Cox:1981

Calculated rotational constants for C3H2N2 (Malononitrile).
Product of moments of inertia moments of inertia
802854.6amu3Å6   3.67624856175975E-114gm3 cm6
Geometric Data
picture of Malononitrile

Point Group C2v


Internal coordinates
distances (r) in Å, angles (a) in degrees, dihedrals (d) in degrees
Description Value unc. Connectivity Reference Comment
Atom 1 Atom 2 Atom 3 Atom 4
rCC 1.459   1 2 1990Ran/Cox:1981 average structure
rCN 1.160   2 6 1990Ran/Cox:1981
rCH 1.109   1 4 1990Ran/Cox:1981
aCCN 178.6 1 2 6
aCCC 112.5 2 1 3 1990Ran/Cox:1981
aHCH 106.94 4 1 5 1990Ran/Cox:1981
aHCC 109.31 2 1 4 1990Ran/Cox:1981 by symmetry

Cartesians
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.0000 0.0000 0.8368
C2 0.0000 1.2134 0.0260
C3 0.0000 -1.2134 0.0260
H4 0.8911 0.0000 1.4969
H5 -0.8911 0.0000 1.4969
N6 0.0000 2.1935 -0.5948
N7 0.0000 -2.1935 -0.5948

Atom - Atom Distances bond lengths
Distances in Å
  C1 C2 C3 H4 H5 N6 N7
C1   1.45931.45931.10901.10902.61932.6193
C2 1.4593   2.42672.10472.10471.16023.4630
C3 1.45932.4267   2.10472.10473.46301.1602
H4 1.10902.10472.1047   1.78233.15923.1592
H5 1.10902.10472.10471.7823   3.15923.1592
N6 2.61931.16023.46303.15923.1592   4.3870
N7 2.61933.46301.16023.15923.15924.3870  

Calculated geometries for C3H2N2 (Malononitrile).

Experimental Bond Angles (degrees) from cartesians bond angles

atom1 atom2 atom3 angle         atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 N6 178.600 C1 C3 N7 178.600
C2 C1 C3 112.500 C2 C1 H4 109.311
C2 C1 H5 109.311 C3 C1 H4 109.311
C3 C1 H5 109.311 H4 C1 H5 106.940

Bond descriptions


Examples: C-C single bond, C=C, double bond, C#C triple bond, C:C aromatic bond
Bond Type Count
H-C 2
C-C 2
C#N 2

Connectivity
Atom 1 Atom 2
C1 C2
C1 C3
C1 H4
C1 H5
C2 N6
C3 N7
Electronic energy levels (cm-1)
Energy (cm-1) Degeneracy reference description
0 1   1A1

Ionization Energies (eV)
Ionization Energy I.E. unc. vertical I.E. v.I.E. unc. reference
12.800 0.100     webbook
Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Electric dipole moment dipole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Dipole (Debye) Reference comment Point Group Components
x y z total dipole quadrupole
1 1 1A1 C2v True       3.730 NSRDS-NBS10 MW C2v 1 2
Experimental dipole measurement abbreviations: MW microwave; DT Dielectric with Temperature variation; DR Indirect (usually an upper limit); MB Molecular beam
Calculated electric dipole moments for C3H2N2 (Malononitrile).
Electric quadrupole moment quadrupole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Quadrupole (D Å) Reference comment Point Group Components
xx yy zz dipole quadrupole
1 1 1A1 C2v True       C2v 1 2

Calculated electric quadrupole moments for C3H2N2 (Malononitrile).
Electric dipole polarizability (Å3) polarizability
alpha unc. Reference
5.790   1998Gus/Rui:163

Calculated electric dipole polarizability for C3H2N2 (Malononitrile).

References
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squib reference DOI
1990BEC/DOG Beckhaus, H.D.; Dogan, B.; Pakusch, J.; Verevkin, S.; Ruechardt, C., Geminal substituent effects. 4. The dependence of the inverse anomeric effect of geminal cyano groups on the structure, Chem. Ber., 1990, 123, 2153-2159. 10.1002/cber.19901231111
1990Ran/Cox:1981 J Randell, AP Cox, I Merke, H Dreizler, "Dicyanomethane: Microwave spectrum, Quadrupole Coupling and Sturcture" J. Chem. Soc. Farad. Trans. 1990, 86(11), 1981-1989 10.1039/FT9908601981
1998Gus/Rui:163 M Gussoni, R Rui, G Zerbi "Electronic and relaxation contribution to linear molecular polarizability. An analysis of the experimental values" J. Mol. Struct. 447 (1998) 163-215 10.1016/S0022-2860(97)00292-5
NSRDS-NBS10 R. D. Nelson Jr., D. R. Lide, A. A. Maryott "Selected Values of electric dipole moments for molecules in the gas phase" NSRDS-NBS10, 1967 10.6028/NBS.NSRDS.10
Shim Shimanouchi, T. , Tables of Molecular Vibrational Frequencies, Consolidated Volu 10.6028/NBS.NSRDS.39
webbook NIST Chemistry Webbook (http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry) 10.18434/T4D303

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