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Experimental data for CHOCH2CH2CH3 (Butanal)

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Other names
Aldehyde butyrique; Aldeide butirrica; Butal; Butaldehyde; Butalyde; Butanal; Butanaldehyde; Butyl aldehyde; Butyral; Butyraldehyd; Butyraldehyde; Butyric aldehyde; Butyrylaldehyde; n-Butanal; n-Butyl aldehyde; n-Butyraldehyde; n-C3H7CHO;
INChI INChIKey SMILES IUPAC name
InChI=1S/C4H8O/c1-2-3-4-5/h4H,2-3H2,1H3 ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCC=O Butyraldehyde
State Conformation
1A' CS
Enthalpy of formation (Hfg), Entropy, Integrated heat capacity (0 K to 298.15 K) (HH), Heat Capacity (Cp)
Property Value Uncertainty units Reference Comment
Hfg(298.15K) enthalpy of formation -206.06   kJ mol-1 TRC
Hfg(0K) enthalpy of formation -185.66   kJ mol-1 TRC
Entropy (298.15K) entropy 343.76   J K-1 mol-1 TRC
Integrated Heat Capacity (0 to 298.15K) integrated heat capacity 22.05   kJ mol-1 TRC
Heat Capacity (298.15K) heat capacity 103.37   J K-1 mol-1 TRC
Information can also be found for this species in the NIST Chemistry Webbook
Vibrational levels (cm-1) vibrations
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency Intensity Comment Description
Fundamental(cm-1) Harmonic(cm-1) Reference (km mol-1) unc. Reference

Calculated vibrational frequencies for CHOCH2CH2CH3 (Butanal).
Gas-phase IR spectra can be found in the NIST Chemistry Webbook here.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) rotational constants
See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
A B C reference comment
       

Calculated rotational constants for CHOCH2CH2CH3 (Butanal).
Product of moments of inertia moments of inertia
amu3Å6   0gm3 cm6
Geometric Data
picture of Butanal

Point Group Cs


Internal coordinates
distances (r) in Å, angles (a) in degrees, dihedrals (d) in degrees
Description Value unc. Connectivity Reference Comment
Atom 1 Atom 2 Atom 3 Atom 4

Cartesians
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)

Atom - Atom Distances bond lengths
Distances in Å
 

Calculated geometries for CHOCH2CH2CH3 (Butanal).

Bond descriptions


Examples: C-C single bond, C=C, double bond, C#C triple bond, C:C aromatic bond
Bond Type Count
H-C 8
C-C 3
C=O 1

Connectivity
Atom 1 Atom 2
C1 H2
C1 H3
C1 H4
C1 C5
C5 H6
C5 H7
C5 C8
C8 H9
C8 H10
C8 C11
C11 H12
C11 O13
Electronic energy levels (cm-1)
Energy (cm-1) Degeneracy reference description
0 1   1A'

Ionization Energies (eV)
Ionization Energy I.E. unc. vertical I.E. v.I.E. unc. reference
9.820 0.040 9.850   webbook

Electron Affinity (eV)
Electron Affinity unc. reference
0.001   webbook
Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Electric dipole moment dipole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Dipole (Debye) Reference comment Point Group Components
x y z total dipole quadrupole
1 1 1A' Cs True       2.720 NSRDS-NBS10 DR Cs 2 3
Experimental dipole measurement abbreviations: MW microwave; DT Dielectric with Temperature variation; DR Indirect (usually an upper limit); MB Molecular beam
Calculated electric dipole moments for CHOCH2CH2CH3 (Butanal).
Electric quadrupole moment quadrupole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Quadrupole (D Å) Reference comment Point Group Components
xx yy zz dipole quadrupole
1 1 1A' Cs True       Cs 2 3

Calculated electric quadrupole moments for CHOCH2CH2CH3 (Butanal).
Electric dipole polarizability (Å3) polarizability
alpha unc. Reference
8.180   1998Gus/Rui:163

Calculated electric dipole polarizability for CHOCH2CH2CH3 (Butanal).

References
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squib reference DOI
1998Gus/Rui:163 M Gussoni, R Rui, G Zerbi "Electronic and relaxation contribution to linear molecular polarizability. An analysis of the experimental values" J. Mol. Struct. 447 (1998) 163-215 10.1016/S0022-2860(97)00292-5
NSRDS-NBS10 R. D. Nelson Jr., D. R. Lide, A. A. Maryott "Selected Values of electric dipole moments for molecules in the gas phase" NSRDS-NBS10, 1967 10.6028/NBS.NSRDS.10
TRC Frenkel, M; Marsh, K.N.; Wilhoit, R.C.; Kabo, G.J.; Roganov, G.N.,Thermodynamics of Organic Compounds in the Gas State,Thermodynamics Research Center, College Station, TX, 1994  
webbook NIST Chemistry Webbook (http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry) 10.18434/T4D303

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