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Experimental data for C4H6O2 (2,3-Butanedione)

22 02 02 11 45
Other names
2,3-Butadione; 2,3-Butanedione; 2,3-Diketobutane; 2,3-Dioxobutane; Biacetyl; Butadione; Butane-2,3-dione; Butanedione; Diacetyl; Dimethyl diketone; Dimethyl glyoxal; Glyoxal, dimethyl-;
INChI INChIKey SMILES IUPAC name
InChI=1S/C4H6O2/c1-3(5)4(2)6/h1-2H3 QSJXEFYPDANLFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C(C)=O)=O Biacetyl
State Conformation
1Ag C2H
Enthalpy of formation (Hfg), Entropy, Integrated heat capacity (0 K to 298.15 K) (HH), Heat Capacity (Cp)
Property Value Uncertainty units Reference Comment
Hfg(298.15K) enthalpy of formation -326.77   kJ mol-1 webbook
Hfg(0K) enthalpy of formation     kJ mol-1 webbook
Entropy (298.15K) entropy     J K-1 mol-1  
Integrated Heat Capacity (0 to 298.15K) integrated heat capacity     kJ mol-1  
Information can also be found for this species in the NIST Chemistry Webbook
Vibrational levels (cm-1) vibrations
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency Intensity Comment Description
Fundamental(cm-1) Harmonic(cm-1) Reference (km mol-1) unc. Reference
1 Ag 3018   1974sve/kov      
2 Ag 2930   1974sve/kov      
3 Ag 1719   1974sve/kov      
4 Ag 1424   1974sve/kov      
5 Ag 1366   1974sve/kov      
6 Ag 1274   1974sve/kov      
7 Ag 1004   1974sve/kov      
8 Ag 685   1974sve/kov      
9 Ag 614   1974sve/kov      
10 Ag 369   1974sve/kov      
11 Au 2990   1974sve/kov      
12 Au 1421   1974sve/kov      
13 Au 1111   1974sve/kov      
14 Au 339   1974sve/kov      
16 Au 48   1974sve/kov      
17 Bg 2978   1974sve/kov      
18 Bg 1424   1974sve/kov      
19 Bg 1109   1974sve/kov      
20 Bg 538   1974sve/kov      
21 Bg 240   1974sve/kov      
22 Bu 3011   1974sve/kov      
23 Bu 2926   1974sve/kov      
24 Bu 1718   1974sve/kov      
25 Bu 1421   1974sve/kov      
26 Bu 1353   1974sve/kov      
27 Bu 1111   1974sve/kov      
28 Bu 927   1974sve/kov      
29 Bu 534   1974sve/kov      
30 Bu 250   1974sve/kov      

Calculated vibrational frequencies for C4H6O2 (2,3-Butanedione).
Gas-phase IR spectra can be found in the NIST Chemistry Webbook here.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) rotational constants
See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
A B C reference comment
       

Calculated rotational constants for C4H6O2 (2,3-Butanedione).
Product of moments of inertia moments of inertia
amu3Å6   0gm3 cm6
Geometric Data
picture of 2,3-Butanedione

Point Group C2h


Internal coordinates
distances (r) in Å, angles (a) in degrees, dihedrals (d) in degrees
Description Value unc. Connectivity Reference Comment
Atom 1 Atom 2 Atom 3 Atom 4
rCO 1.214 0.002 1 5 1976Hellwege(II/7)
rCC 1.507 0.010 1 2 1976Hellwege(II/7)
rCH 1.114 0.007 3 7 1976Hellwege(II/7)
aCCO 120.3 0.7 1 2 6 1976Hellwege(II/7)
aCCC 116.3 0.3 1 2 4 1976Hellwege(II/7)
aHCC 108.1 1.6 1 3 7 1976Hellwege(II/7)
rCC 1.527 0.006 1 3 1976Hellwege(II/7)

Cartesians
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)

Atom - Atom Distances bond lengths
Distances in Å
 

Calculated geometries for C4H6O2 (2,3-Butanedione).

Bond descriptions


Examples: C-C single bond, C=C, double bond, C#C triple bond, C:C aromatic bond
Bond Type Count
H-C 6
C-C 3
C=O 2

Connectivity
Atom 1 Atom 2
C1 C2
C1 C3
C1 O5
C2 C4
C2 O6
C3 H7
C3 H9
C3 H10
C4 H8
C4 H11
C4 H12
Electronic energy levels (cm-1)
Energy (cm-1) Degeneracy reference description
0 1   1Ag

Ionization Energies (eV)
Ionization Energy I.E. unc. vertical I.E. v.I.E. unc. reference
9.300   9.570 0.050 webbook

Electron Affinity (eV)
Electron Affinity unc. reference
0.690 0.100 webbook
Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Electric dipole moment dipole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Dipole (Debye) Reference comment Point Group Components
x y z total dipole quadrupole
1 1 1Ag C2h True           C2h 0 3
1 2 1A C2 False           C2 1 3
1 3 1Ag Ci False           Ci 0 5
Experimental dipole measurement abbreviations: MW microwave; DT Dielectric with Temperature variation; DR Indirect (usually an upper limit); MB Molecular beam
Calculated electric dipole moments for C4H6O2 (2,3-Butanedione).
Electric quadrupole moment quadrupole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Quadrupole (D Å) Reference comment Point Group Components
xx yy zz dipole quadrupole
1 1 1Ag C2h True       C2h 0 3
1 2 1A C2 False       C2 1 3
1 3 1Ag Ci False       Ci 0 5

Calculated electric quadrupole moments for C4H6O2 (2,3-Butanedione).
Electric dipole polarizability (Å3) polarizability
alpha unc. Reference
8.201   1998Gus/Rui:163

Calculated electric dipole polarizability for C4H6O2 (2,3-Butanedione).

References
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squib reference DOI
1974sve/kov L.M. Sverdlov, M. A. Kovner, E. P. Krainov, "Vibrational Spectra of Polyatomic Molecules" Wiley, New York 1974  
1976Hellwege(II/7) Hellwege, KH and AM Hellwege (ed.). Landolt-Bornstein: Group II: Atomic and Molecular Physics Volume 7: Structure Data of Free Polyatomic Molecules. Springer-Verlag. Berlin. 1976.  
1998Gus/Rui:163 M Gussoni, R Rui, G Zerbi "Electronic and relaxation contribution to linear molecular polarizability. An analysis of the experimental values" J. Mol. Struct. 447 (1998) 163-215 10.1016/S0022-2860(97)00292-5
webbook NIST Chemistry Webbook (http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry) 10.18434/T4D303

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