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Experimental data for C6H6 (Fulvene)

22 02 02 11 45
Other names
1,3-Cyclopentadiene, 5-methylene-; Fulvene;
INChI INChIKey SMILES IUPAC name
InChI=1S/C6H6/c1-6-4-2-3-5-6/h2-5H,1H2 PGTKVMVZBBZCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=C1C=CC=C1 Fulvene
State Conformation
1A1 C2V
Enthalpy of formation (Hfg), Entropy, Integrated heat capacity (0 K to 298.15 K) (HH), Heat Capacity (Cp)
Property Value Uncertainty units Reference Comment
Hfg(298.15K) enthalpy of formation 224.26 0.90 kJ mol-1 1991Rot/Ada:2499
Hfg(0K) enthalpy of formation   0.90 kJ mol-1 1991Rot/Ada:2499
Entropy (298.15K) entropy     J K-1 mol-1  
Integrated Heat Capacity (0 to 298.15K) integrated heat capacity     kJ mol-1  
Information can also be found for this species in the NIST Chemistry Webbook
Vibrational levels (cm-1) vibrations
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency Intensity Comment Description
Fundamental(cm-1) Harmonic(cm-1) Reference (km mol-1) unc. Reference
1 A1 3088   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
2 A1 3051   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
3 A1 3008   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
4 A1 1632   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
5 A1 1486   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
6 A1 1449   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
7 A1 1342   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
8 A1 1082   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
9 A1 986   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
10 A1 894   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
11 A1 641   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
12 A2            
13 A2            
14 A2 666   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
15 A2 494   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
16 B1 926   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
17 B1 907   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
18 B1 769   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
19 B1 613   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
20 B1            
21 B2            
22 B2 3104   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
23 B2 3075   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
24 B2 1550   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
25 B2 1314   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
26 B2 1232          
27 B2 1077   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
28 B2 952   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
29 B2 795   1995Whe/Zho:12488      
30 B2 350   1995Whe/Zho:12488      

vibrational zero-point energy: 18241.5 cm-1 (from fundamental vibrations)
Calculated vibrational frequencies for C6H6 (Fulvene).
Rotational Constants (cm-1) rotational constants
See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
A B C reference comment
0.27306 0.12685 0.08661 1972Bar/Bro:401

Calculated rotational constants for C6H6 (Fulvene).
Product of moments of inertia moments of inertia
1596980amu3Å6   7.3125272769315E-114gm3 cm6
Geometric Data
picture of Fulvene

Point Group C2v


Internal coordinates
distances (r) in Å, angles (a) in degrees, dihedrals (d) in degrees
Description Value unc. Connectivity Reference Comment
Atom 1 Atom 2 Atom 3 Atom 4
rCC 1.349 0.002 1 2 1976Hellwege(II/7) out of ring
rCC 1.470 0.004 1 3 1976Hellwege(II/7) from C with methylene
rCC 1.355 0.004 3 5 1976Hellwege(II/7) in ring
rCC 1.476 0.008 5 6 1976Hellwege(II/7) opposite methylene
rCH 1.078 0.005 3 9 1976Hellwege(II/7) in ring, close to methylene
rCH 1.080 0.005 5 11 1976Hellwege(II/7) in ring, far from methylene
rCH 1.130 0.030 2 7 1976Hellwege(II/7) on methylene
aCCC 106.62 0.5 3 1 4 1976Hellwege(II/7)
aCCC 107.71 0.5 1 3 5 1976Hellwege(II/7)
aCCC 108.98 1 3 5 6 1976Hellwege(II/7)
aHCC 124.66 0.5 1 3 9 1976Hellwege(II/7)
aHCC 126.39 0.5 3 5 11 1976Hellwege(II/7)
aHCH 117 5 7 2 8 1976Hellwege(II/7)

Cartesians
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 0.0000 0.0000 0.7693
C2 0.0000 0.0000 2.1178
C3 0.0000 1.1788 -0.1090
C4 0.0000 -1.1788 -0.1090
C5 0.0000 0.7382 -1.3901
C6 0.0000 -0.7382 -1.3901
H7 0.0000 0.9624 2.7037
H8 0.0000 -0.9624 2.7037
H9 0.0000 2.2000 0.2358
H10 0.0000 -2.2000 0.2358
H11 0.0000 1.3517 -2.2785
H12 0.0000 -1.3517 -2.2785

Atom - Atom Distances bond lengths
Distances in Å
  C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12
C1   1.34851.47001.47002.28212.28212.16062.16062.26382.26383.33413.3341
C2 1.3485   2.51962.51963.58473.58471.12671.12672.89522.89524.59944.5994
C3 1.47002.5196   2.35761.35472.30572.82103.53501.07793.39642.17643.3332
C4 1.47002.51962.3576   2.30571.35473.53502.82103.39641.07793.33322.1764
C5 2.28213.58471.35472.3057   1.47644.09994.43302.18643.35811.07972.2709
C6 2.28213.58472.30571.35471.4764   4.43304.09993.35812.18642.27091.0797
H7 2.16061.12672.82103.53504.09994.4330   1.92482.76084.01144.99745.4934
H8 2.16061.12673.53502.82104.43304.09991.9248   4.01142.76085.49344.9974
H9 2.26382.89521.07793.39642.18643.35812.76084.0114   4.40002.65354.3516
H10 2.26382.89523.39641.07793.35812.18644.01142.76084.4000   4.35162.6535
H11 3.33414.59942.17643.33321.07972.27094.99745.49342.65354.3516   2.7035
H12 3.33414.59943.33322.17642.27091.07975.49344.99744.35162.65352.7035  

Calculated geometries for C6H6 (Fulvene).

Experimental Bond Angles (degrees) from cartesians bond angles

atom1 atom2 atom3 angle         atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 H7 121.333 C1 C2 H8 121.333
C1 C3 C5 107.710 C1 C3 H9 124.654
C1 C4 C6 107.710 C1 C4 H10 124.654
C2 C1 C3 126.689 C2 C1 C4 126.689
C3 C1 C4 106.622 C3 C5 C6 108.979
C3 C5 H11 126.392 C4 C6 C5 108.979
C4 C6 H12 126.392 C5 C3 H9 127.636
C5 C6 H12 124.629 C6 C4 H10 127.636
C6 C5 H11 124.629 H7 C2 H8 117.335

Bond descriptions


Examples: C-C single bond, C=C, double bond, C#C triple bond, C:C aromatic bond
Bond Type Count
H-C 6
C-C 3
C=C 3

Connectivity
Atom 1 Atom 2
C1 C2
C1 C3
C1 C4
C2 H7
C2 H8
C3 C5
C3 H9
C4 C6
C4 H10
C5 C6
C5 H11
C6 H12
Electronic energy levels (cm-1)
Energy (cm-1) Degeneracy reference description
0 1   1A1

Ionization Energies (eV)
Ionization Energy I.E. unc. vertical I.E. v.I.E. unc. reference
8.360       webbook
Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Electric dipole moment dipole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Dipole (Debye) Reference comment Point Group Components
x y z total dipole quadrupole
1 1 1A1 C2v True       0.424 NISThydrocarbon MW μa= 0.4236(13) D μ0 C2v 1 2
Experimental dipole measurement abbreviations: MW microwave; DT Dielectric with Temperature variation; DR Indirect (usually an upper limit); MB Molecular beam
Calculated electric dipole moments for C6H6 (Fulvene).
Electric quadrupole moment quadrupole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Quadrupole (D Å) Reference comment Point Group Components
xx yy zz dipole quadrupole
1 1 1A1 C2v True       C2v 1 2

Calculated electric quadrupole moments for C6H6 (Fulvene).

References
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squib reference DOI
1972Bar/Bro:401 Baron, P.A.; Brown, R.D.; Burden, F.R.; Domaille, P.J.; Kent, J.E. "The Microwave Spectrum and Structure of Fulvene." Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy. 43, 401-410 (1972) 10.1016/0022-2852(72)90051-3
1976Hellwege(II/7) Hellwege, KH and AM Hellwege (ed.). Landolt-Bornstein: Group II: Atomic and Molecular Physics Volume 7: Structure Data of Free Polyatomic Molecules. Springer-Verlag. Berlin. 1976.  
1991Rot/Ada:2499 WR Roth, O Adamczak, R. Breuckmann, H-W Lennartz, R Boese, "Die Berechnung von Resonanzenergien; das MM2ERW-Kraftfeld" Chem. Ber. 124 (1991) 2499-2521 10.1002/cber.19911241121
1995Whe/Zho:12488 CJM Wheeless, X Zhou, R Liu " Density Functional Theory Study of Vibrational Spectra. 2. Assignment of Fundamental Vibrational Frequencies of Fulvene" J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99, 12488-12492 10.1021/j100033a019
NISThydrocarbon NIST Hydrocarbon spectral database (http://www.physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/MolSpec/Hydro/index.html) 10.18434/T4PC70
webbook NIST Chemistry Webbook (http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry) 10.18434/T4D303

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