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Experimental data for CH3CH2OH (Ethanol)

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Other names
Absolute ethanol; Alcohol; Ethanol; Ethyl alcohol; EtOH; Grain alcohol; Methylcarbinol;
INChI INChIKey SMILES IUPAC name
InChI=1S/C2H6O/c1-2-3/h3H,2H2,1H3 LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCO Ethanol
State Conformation
1A' CS
Enthalpy of formation (Hfg), Entropy, Integrated heat capacity (0 K to 298.15 K) (HH), Heat Capacity (Cp)
Property Value Uncertainty units Reference Comment
Hfg(298.15K) enthalpy of formation -234.80 0.50 kJ mol-1 Gurvich
Hfg(0K) enthalpy of formation -217.08 0.50 kJ mol-1 Gurvich
Entropy (298.15K) entropy 281.62   J K-1 mol-1 Gurvich
Integrated Heat Capacity (0 to 298.15K) integrated heat capacity 14.13   kJ mol-1 Gurvich
Heat Capacity (298.15K) heat capacity 65.65   J K-1 mol-1 Gurvich
Barrier to Internal Rotation 15.9   kJ mol-1 1980Kak/Qua:4300 V1=57.0 V2=0.8 V3=395.0 cm-1
Information can also be found for this species in the NIST Chemistry Webbook
Vibrational levels (cm-1) vibrations
Mode Number Symmetry Frequency Intensity Comment Description
Fundamental(cm-1) Harmonic(cm-1) Reference (km mol-1) unc. Reference
1 A' 3653   1998Cou/Bou:5789       matrix OH stretch
2 A' 2984           CH stretch
3 A' 2939           CH stretch
4 A' 2900           CH stretch
5 A' 1490          
6 A' 1464          
7 A' 1412          
8 A' 1371          
9 A' 1256          
10 A' 1091          
11 A' 1028          
12 A' 888          
13 A' 417          
14 A" 2991           CH stretch
15 A" 2910           CH stretch
16 A" 1446          
17 A" 1275          
18 A" 1161          
19 A" 812          
20 A" 251   1975Dur/Buc:988       Internal rotation
21 A" 200           Internal rotation

vibrational zero-point energy: 16968.4 cm-1 (from fundamental vibrations)
Calculated vibrational frequencies for CH3CH2OH (Ethanol).
Gas-phase IR spectra can be found in the NIST Chemistry Webbook here.
Rotational Constants (cm-1) rotational constants
See section I.F.4 to change rotational constant units
A B C reference comment
1.16386 0.31190 0.27136 1980Kak/Qua:4300-4307 trans

Calculated rotational constants for CH3CH2OH (Ethanol).
Product of moments of inertia moments of inertia
48631.71amu3Å6   2.22683224808297E-115gm3 cm6
Geometric Data
picture of Ethanol

Point Group Cs


Internal coordinates
distances (r) in Å, angles (a) in degrees, dihedrals (d) in degrees
Description Value unc. Connectivity Reference Comment
Atom 1 Atom 2 Atom 3 Atom 4
rOH 0.971   3 4 1998Cou/Bou:5789
rCO 1.431   2 3 1998Cou/Bou:5789
rCC 1.512   1 2 1998Cou/Bou:5789
rCH 1.088   1 5 1998Cou/Bou:5789 methyl
rCH 1.098   1 6 1998Cou/Bou:5789 methyl
rCH 1.086   2 8 1998Cou/Bou:5789 methylene
aCCO 107.8 1 2 3 1998Cou/Bou:5789
aHOC 105.4 2 3 4 1998Cou/Bou:5789

Cartesians
Atom x (Å) y (Å) z (Å)
C1 1.1879 -0.3829 0.0000
C2 0.0000 0.5526 0.0000
O3 -1.1867 -0.2472 0.0000
H4 -1.9237 0.3850 0.0000
H5 2.0985 0.2306 0.0000
H6 1.1184 -1.0093 0.8869
H7 1.1184 -1.0093 -0.8869
H8 -0.0227 1.1812 0.8852
H9 -0.0227 1.1812 -0.8852

Atom - Atom Distances bond lengths
Distances in Å
  C1 C2 O3 H4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9
C1   1.51202.37843.20491.09801.08801.08802.16702.1670
C2 1.5120   1.43101.93102.12302.11582.11581.08601.0860
O3 2.37841.4310   0.97103.31972.58472.58472.04422.0442
H4 3.20491.93100.9710   4.02513.46193.46192.24312.2431
H5 1.09802.12303.31974.0251   1.81231.81232.48732.4873
H6 1.08802.11582.58473.46191.8123   1.77382.46993.0399
H7 1.08802.11582.58473.46191.81231.7738   3.03992.4699
H8 2.16701.08602.04422.24312.48732.46993.0399   1.7705
H9 2.16701.08602.04422.24312.48733.03992.46991.7705  

Calculated geometries for CH3CH2OH (Ethanol).

Experimental Bond Angles (degrees) from cartesians bond angles

atom1 atom2 atom3 angle         atom1 atom2 atom3 angle
C1 C2 O3 107.800 C1 C2 H8 111.999
C1 C2 H9 111.999 C2 C1 H5 107.810
C2 C1 H6 107.820 C2 C1 H7 107.820
C2 O3 H4 105.400 O3 C2 H8 107.830
O3 C2 H9 107.830 H5 C1 H6 111.999
H5 C1 H7 111.999 H6 C1 H7 109.211
H8 C2 H9 109.202

Bond descriptions


Examples: C-C single bond, C=C, double bond, C#C triple bond, C:C aromatic bond
Bond Type Count
H-O 1
C-O 1
C-C 1
H-C 5

Connectivity
Atom 1 Atom 2
C1 C2
C1 H5
C1 H6
C1 H7
C2 O3
C2 H8
C2 H9
O3 H4
Electronic energy levels (cm-1)
Energy (cm-1) Degeneracy reference description
0 1   1A'

Ionization Energies (eV)
Ionization Energy I.E. unc. vertical I.E. v.I.E. unc. reference
10.480 0.070 10.640   webbook
Dipole, Quadrupole and Polarizability
Electric dipole moment dipole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Dipole (Debye) Reference comment Point Group Components
x y z total dipole quadrupole
1 1 1A' Cs True 0.060 1.510 0.080 1.520 1974Hel/Hel(II/6) μ0 for CH3CHDOH. Value of 1.441 D for CH3CH2OH seems low Cs 2 3
1 2 1A C1 False 1.264 0.104 1.101 1.679 1980Kak/Qua:4300-4307 μ0 MW C1 3 5
Experimental dipole measurement abbreviations: MW microwave; DT Dielectric with Temperature variation; DR Indirect (usually an upper limit); MB Molecular beam
Calculated electric dipole moments for CH3CH2OH (Ethanol).
Electric quadrupole moment quadrupole
State Config State description Conf description Exp. min. Quadrupole (D Å) Reference comment Point Group Components
xx yy zz dipole quadrupole
1 1 1A' Cs True       Cs 2 3
1 2 1A C1 False       C1 3 5

Calculated electric quadrupole moments for CH3CH2OH (Ethanol).
Electric dipole polarizability (Å3) polarizability
alpha unc. Reference
5.112   1984Gra/Gub

Calculated electric dipole polarizability for CH3CH2OH (Ethanol).

References
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squib reference DOI
1974Hel/Hel(II/6) Hellwege, KH and AM Hellwege (eds.). Landolt-Bornstein: Group II: Volume 6 Molecular Constants from Microwave, Molecular Beam, and Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy Springer-Verlag. Berlin. 1974. 10.1007/b19951 
1975Dur/Buc:988 JR Durig, WE Bucy, CJ Wurrey, LA Carreira "Raman Spectra of Gases XVI. Torsional Transitions in Ethanol and Ethanethiol" J. Phys. Chem. 79(10) 988, 1975 10.1021/j100577a009
1980Kak/Qua:4300 RK Kakar, CR Quade "Microwave rotational spectrum, and internal rotation in gauche ethyl alcohol" J. Chem. Phys. 72(8), 4300, 1980 10.1063/1.439723
1980Kak/Qua:4300-4307 RK Kakar, CR Quade "Microwave rotational spectrum and internal rotation in gauche ethyl alcohol" J. Chem. Phys. 72, 4300 (1980) 10.1063/1.439723
1984Gra/Gub CG Gray, KE Gubbins "Theory of molecular fluids. Volume 1:Fundamentals" Clarendon Press, Oxford 1984  
1998Cou/Bou:5789 Coussan, Bouteiller, Perchard, Zheng, Rotational Isomerism of Ethanol and Matrix Isolation Infrared Spectroscopy, J. Phys. Chem. A, Vol. 102, #29, pgs. 5789-5793 10.1021/jp9805961
Gurvich Gurvich, L.V.; Veyts, I. V.; Alcock, C. B., Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Substances, Fouth Edition, Hemisphere Pub. Co., New York, 1989  
webbook NIST Chemistry Webbook (http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry) 10.18434/T4D303

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